CTR Exam Prep
Aspiration
refers to the removal of a sample of fluid and cells through a needle
Fine needle aspiration
refers to the use of a slender needle to remove fluid from a cyst or clusters of cells from a solid lump.
Biopsy
refers to the removal of a sample of tissue for purposes of diagnosis
Core needle biopsy
refers to the use of a small cutting needle to remove a core of tissue for microscopic examination
Allogeneic bone marrow transplant
procedure involving an infusion of bone marrow or stem cells from a donor that are given to the
patient after they have received high-dose chemotherapy
Autologous bone marrow transplant
procedure in which a patient's own bone marrow or stem cells are given to them after they have
received high-dose chemotherapy
Autologous stem cell transplantation
procedure in which blood-forming stem cells are removed, stored, and later given back to the same
person
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT)
form of radiation therapy in which a substance that contains boron is injected into a blood vessel. The
boron collects in the tumor cells. The patient then receives radiation therapy with atomic particles
called neutrons. the neutrons react with the boron to kill the tumor cells without harming normal
cells.
Radioembolization
form of radiation therapy that involves the use of tiny beads that hold the radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y
90) which are injected into an artery. The beads collect in the tumor and the yttrium 90 (Y 90) gives
off radiation. This destroys the blood vessel that the tumor needs to grow and kills the cancer cells.
Radioimmunotherapy
form of radiation therapy in which the radioactive substance is linked to an antibody that locates and
kills tumor cells when injected into the body.
Chemoembolization (also referred to as TACE and transarterial chemoembolization)
procedure in which the blood supply to a tumor is blocked after anticancer drugs are given in blood
vessels near the tumor
Percutaneous biopsy
, procedure in which tissue is obtained by puncture of a tumor, the tissue within the lumen of the
needle being detached by rotation, and the needle withdrawn. This procedure is also called a needle
biopsy. The radiologist uses an ultrasound machine or the CT scanner, but not a computer to decide
on the most suitable point for inserting the biopsy needle to obtain tissue.
Cone biopsy
procedure in which an inverted funnel shaped area of tissue is excised, as from the uterine cervix
Excisional biopsy
refers to removing the entire tumor lesion for diagnosis
Bolus
a large dose of a substance given by injection for the purpose of rapidly achieving the needed
therapeutic concentration in the bloodstream
Boost
an extra dose of radiation given to a specific area of the body
Infusion
the introduction of a substance (e.g., drug, fluid, electrolyte) interstitially or directly into a vein by
means of gravity flow
Frozen section
a sliver of frozen biopsy tissue that provides a quick preliminary diagnosis, but is not 100 percent
reliable
Permanent section
biopsy tissue specially prepared and mounted on slides so that it can be examined under a
microscope by a pathologist
Ultrasound energy
form of therapy that involves intensified sound waves that can be directed at cancer cells to heat and
kill them
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
a tumor marker that may be included in blood chemistry screening panel. It is used to help detect
liver disease or bone disorders.
Thoracoscope
type of scope used to view the pleura covering the lungs and structures covering the heart. It is
inserted through a small surgical opening in the chest.
Bronchoscope
type of scope used to view the trachea and bronchi of the lungs. It is inserted through the mouth.
Aspiration
refers to the removal of a sample of fluid and cells through a needle
Fine needle aspiration
refers to the use of a slender needle to remove fluid from a cyst or clusters of cells from a solid lump.
Biopsy
refers to the removal of a sample of tissue for purposes of diagnosis
Core needle biopsy
refers to the use of a small cutting needle to remove a core of tissue for microscopic examination
Allogeneic bone marrow transplant
procedure involving an infusion of bone marrow or stem cells from a donor that are given to the
patient after they have received high-dose chemotherapy
Autologous bone marrow transplant
procedure in which a patient's own bone marrow or stem cells are given to them after they have
received high-dose chemotherapy
Autologous stem cell transplantation
procedure in which blood-forming stem cells are removed, stored, and later given back to the same
person
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT)
form of radiation therapy in which a substance that contains boron is injected into a blood vessel. The
boron collects in the tumor cells. The patient then receives radiation therapy with atomic particles
called neutrons. the neutrons react with the boron to kill the tumor cells without harming normal
cells.
Radioembolization
form of radiation therapy that involves the use of tiny beads that hold the radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y
90) which are injected into an artery. The beads collect in the tumor and the yttrium 90 (Y 90) gives
off radiation. This destroys the blood vessel that the tumor needs to grow and kills the cancer cells.
Radioimmunotherapy
form of radiation therapy in which the radioactive substance is linked to an antibody that locates and
kills tumor cells when injected into the body.
Chemoembolization (also referred to as TACE and transarterial chemoembolization)
procedure in which the blood supply to a tumor is blocked after anticancer drugs are given in blood
vessels near the tumor
Percutaneous biopsy
, procedure in which tissue is obtained by puncture of a tumor, the tissue within the lumen of the
needle being detached by rotation, and the needle withdrawn. This procedure is also called a needle
biopsy. The radiologist uses an ultrasound machine or the CT scanner, but not a computer to decide
on the most suitable point for inserting the biopsy needle to obtain tissue.
Cone biopsy
procedure in which an inverted funnel shaped area of tissue is excised, as from the uterine cervix
Excisional biopsy
refers to removing the entire tumor lesion for diagnosis
Bolus
a large dose of a substance given by injection for the purpose of rapidly achieving the needed
therapeutic concentration in the bloodstream
Boost
an extra dose of radiation given to a specific area of the body
Infusion
the introduction of a substance (e.g., drug, fluid, electrolyte) interstitially or directly into a vein by
means of gravity flow
Frozen section
a sliver of frozen biopsy tissue that provides a quick preliminary diagnosis, but is not 100 percent
reliable
Permanent section
biopsy tissue specially prepared and mounted on slides so that it can be examined under a
microscope by a pathologist
Ultrasound energy
form of therapy that involves intensified sound waves that can be directed at cancer cells to heat and
kill them
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
a tumor marker that may be included in blood chemistry screening panel. It is used to help detect
liver disease or bone disorders.
Thoracoscope
type of scope used to view the pleura covering the lungs and structures covering the heart. It is
inserted through a small surgical opening in the chest.
Bronchoscope
type of scope used to view the trachea and bronchi of the lungs. It is inserted through the mouth.
