NR 503 Final Exam Study Info updated

NR 503 Final Exam Study Info updated Chamberlain College of Nursing NR503 Final Exam Study Notes • Be sure to review the terminology and concepts of the first four weeks: these concepts help to inform and support the last four weeks of the course. • All information listed on this review doc can be found in the course text, Gordis. Definitions of study designs: Chapter 10: Differentiate between the case-control and cohort studies. Ask yourself, which is used when, and why. the hallmark of the case-control study is that it begins with people with the disease (cases) and compares them to people without the disease (controls). cohort study, discussed in Chapter 9, which begins with a group of exposed people and compares them to a nonexposed group. What distinguishes the two study designs is whether the study begins with diseased and nondiseased people (case-control study) or with exposed and nonexposed people (cohort study). Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Prevention What are primary (remove disease risk factors eg immunizations, exercise), secondary (early detection and treatment eg. screening), tertiary prevention (reduce complications to reduce further deterioration eg. Beta blockers) measures? Case-Control: • Examine the possible relationship of an exposure to a certain disease • Identify group of individuals with the disease (cases) • For comparison, gather a group of people without that disease (controls) • Determine what proportion of the cases were exposed and were not • Also determine what proportion of the controls were exposed and not • Text: Thus, in a case-control study, if there is an association of an exposure with a disease, the prevalence of history of exposure should be higher in persons who have the disease (cases) than in those who do not have the disease (controls). • Ask yourself: Why is this important to the NP in primary care? How does this inform a provider’s decision-making? • Cohort Studies: In a cohort study, the investigator selects a group of exposed individuals and a group of nonexposed individuals and follows up both groups to compare the incidence of disease (or rate of death from disease) in the two groups If a positive association exists between the exposure and the disease, we would expect that the proportion of the exposed group in whom the disease develops (incidence in the exposed group) would be greater than the proportion of the nonexposed group in whom the disease develops (incidence in the nonexposed group). Chapter 13: Comparing Cohort and Case-Control Studies: See Figure 13-1 and 13-2 (busy pictures but hang in there) Chapter 13 comparison of studies - important to review