IOP1601 - PERSONALITY IN WORK CONTEXT
CHAPTER 13
1 The study of personality is influenced by external factors such as the rise in True
information technology and globalisation.
2 A _________ study is done to assess a person’s behaviour and longitudinal
characteristics over a long period of time.
3 The behaviourist theories of personality focus on ______. the effect of rewards on the development
of personality
4 The ________ perspective states that people create constructs and schemas cognitive
about the world that influence their personality and behaviour.
5 The trait theory would attribute poor work performance to ______. incompatibility between the personal
profile and the job profile
6 Modern supporters of the psychodynamic approach believe that, in addition social
to subconscious factors, ______ factors can also influence personality and
behaviour.
7 Which approach utilises narrative analyses as a research technique? Psychosocial theories
8 The __________ approach to personality might encourage people to blame psychodynamic | unconscious |
their parents for their shortcomings. psychoanalytic |depth psychology | depth |
psychoanalytical
9 A psychologist interviews family members to gain a better understanding of a O-data
person’s personality. What kind of data is being collected?
10 Modern supporters of behaviourism believe that, in addition to people themselves | people | thinking | own
circumstances, ___________ can also influence personality and behaviour. choices | choices
11 The ______ personality theory focuses on people’s experience of conflict psychodynamic
because of internal biological drives, unconscious motives, past events and
the norms of society.
12 The ______ personality theory is characterised by acquired, observable behaviouristic
behaviours or responses as rewarded in the various environments in which
people function.
13 In the ______ personality theory, human personality and self-image are best humanistic
understood by their subjective existence in, and unique experiences of,
reality, as well as the striving for self-actualisation.
14 According to the ______ personality theories, people are rational and cognitive
thinking, and form their own personalities and destinies by changing
constructs, processes and schemas about reality.
15 According to the ______ personality theory, human behaviour is trait
characterised by enduring and consistent attributes in their behaviour.
16 In the ______ perspectives there is less emphasis on the individual and African and Asian
more emphasis on the holistic nature of things, such as the individual being
part of the community.
17 ______ describes personality as “the dynamic organisation within the Allport
individual of those psychophysical systems that determines his characteristic
behaviour and thought”.
18 The __________ perspective on personality postulates that human humanistic | phenomenological | existential
development occurs over the life span and that it is a very personal and | humanism
unique process.
19 The cognitive images that we have of our relationships and interactions with relational
other people, or general interactions with all people are known as
_________ schemas.
20 Which one of the following statements does NOT reflect a criterion for a good It must recognise cultural and genetic
personality theory? influences on human behaviour.
, CHAPTER 14
1 Freud’s view of humankind is that behaviour is determined and motivated by conflict
unconscious forces, which represents a ______ model.
2 The ego is modified by the ______ principle. reality
3 Which defence mechanism is evident when a person who experiences Displacement
problems at work takes it out on his/her family?
4 Which defence mechanism is evident when a person blames the condition of Regression
the pitch for his poor performance during a cricket match?
5 In Freud’s three levels of consciousness, available memory that can easily preconscious
be retrieved to consciousness is referred to as the ______.
6 Although Jung agreed with Freud’s notion of the unconscious, he added collective unconscious
another important dimension, called the ______.
7 In each psychosexual stage of Freud’s theory, certain tasks need to be fixation
resolved before a person can progress to the next stage. If a person does
not properly resolve the tasks in a certain stage, the result is known as
______.
8 Which one of the following archetypes from Jung's theory corresponds with The shadow
Freud’s concept of the id?
9 At work, Kate loves flirting with her male colleagues and trying to seduce a phallic female
them, but comes across as quite naïve. According to Freud’s psychosexual
stages and personality types, Kate probably has ______ personality type.
10 Establishing intimate relationships is one of the developmental tasks of the genital
______ developmental stage of Freud’s psychosexual stages.
11 According to Freud, in order to reduce tension, the ______ operates id
according to the pleasure principle whereby maximum pleasure is obtained
through satisfying all needs.
12 According to Freud, the ______ is an evaluative agent that selects the ego
behaviour that minimises pain while maximising pleasure.
13 According to Freud, the ______ is also known as rationality because it ego
determines appropriate and socially acceptable times and places that will
satisfy the id impulses.
14 According to Freud, the ______ is an internal morality governing ideas on superego
what is right and wrong.
15 The superego has two sub-systems: a consciousness that punishes ego
behaviour and the ______ that rewards it.
16 Jung emphasised the notion of ______, in which people develop different individuation
degrees of introversion and extraversion, and varying tendencies towards the
four functions of sensing, intuition, thinking and feeling.
17 Horney disagreed with Freud on the ideas of the Oedipus complex and womb envy
Electra complex. She proposed ______ instead and indicated that the basic
needs for care and safety influence personality development.
18 Sharon was one of two children. Her mother showed more affection for her psychoanalytic
sister. Sharon hated her mother and adored her father. The result is that
Sharon developed an inferiority complex. She has a very dominant
personality, and criticises everybody – the government, her boss, her
husband and her children. She is trying to overcome her inferiority by making
herself superior to others. This description of Sharon relates to aspects found
in the ______ perspective on personality.
19 Psychoanalysis emphasises the impact of ______ experiences on adult childhood; unconscious
behaviour and the impact of the ______ on behaviour, personality and
motivation.
20 In psychoanalytic theory, Adler states that people have an inherent sense of will to power
inferiority and the ______ is one of the greatest motivating forces in people’s
lives.
CHAPTER 13
1 The study of personality is influenced by external factors such as the rise in True
information technology and globalisation.
2 A _________ study is done to assess a person’s behaviour and longitudinal
characteristics over a long period of time.
3 The behaviourist theories of personality focus on ______. the effect of rewards on the development
of personality
4 The ________ perspective states that people create constructs and schemas cognitive
about the world that influence their personality and behaviour.
5 The trait theory would attribute poor work performance to ______. incompatibility between the personal
profile and the job profile
6 Modern supporters of the psychodynamic approach believe that, in addition social
to subconscious factors, ______ factors can also influence personality and
behaviour.
7 Which approach utilises narrative analyses as a research technique? Psychosocial theories
8 The __________ approach to personality might encourage people to blame psychodynamic | unconscious |
their parents for their shortcomings. psychoanalytic |depth psychology | depth |
psychoanalytical
9 A psychologist interviews family members to gain a better understanding of a O-data
person’s personality. What kind of data is being collected?
10 Modern supporters of behaviourism believe that, in addition to people themselves | people | thinking | own
circumstances, ___________ can also influence personality and behaviour. choices | choices
11 The ______ personality theory focuses on people’s experience of conflict psychodynamic
because of internal biological drives, unconscious motives, past events and
the norms of society.
12 The ______ personality theory is characterised by acquired, observable behaviouristic
behaviours or responses as rewarded in the various environments in which
people function.
13 In the ______ personality theory, human personality and self-image are best humanistic
understood by their subjective existence in, and unique experiences of,
reality, as well as the striving for self-actualisation.
14 According to the ______ personality theories, people are rational and cognitive
thinking, and form their own personalities and destinies by changing
constructs, processes and schemas about reality.
15 According to the ______ personality theory, human behaviour is trait
characterised by enduring and consistent attributes in their behaviour.
16 In the ______ perspectives there is less emphasis on the individual and African and Asian
more emphasis on the holistic nature of things, such as the individual being
part of the community.
17 ______ describes personality as “the dynamic organisation within the Allport
individual of those psychophysical systems that determines his characteristic
behaviour and thought”.
18 The __________ perspective on personality postulates that human humanistic | phenomenological | existential
development occurs over the life span and that it is a very personal and | humanism
unique process.
19 The cognitive images that we have of our relationships and interactions with relational
other people, or general interactions with all people are known as
_________ schemas.
20 Which one of the following statements does NOT reflect a criterion for a good It must recognise cultural and genetic
personality theory? influences on human behaviour.
, CHAPTER 14
1 Freud’s view of humankind is that behaviour is determined and motivated by conflict
unconscious forces, which represents a ______ model.
2 The ego is modified by the ______ principle. reality
3 Which defence mechanism is evident when a person who experiences Displacement
problems at work takes it out on his/her family?
4 Which defence mechanism is evident when a person blames the condition of Regression
the pitch for his poor performance during a cricket match?
5 In Freud’s three levels of consciousness, available memory that can easily preconscious
be retrieved to consciousness is referred to as the ______.
6 Although Jung agreed with Freud’s notion of the unconscious, he added collective unconscious
another important dimension, called the ______.
7 In each psychosexual stage of Freud’s theory, certain tasks need to be fixation
resolved before a person can progress to the next stage. If a person does
not properly resolve the tasks in a certain stage, the result is known as
______.
8 Which one of the following archetypes from Jung's theory corresponds with The shadow
Freud’s concept of the id?
9 At work, Kate loves flirting with her male colleagues and trying to seduce a phallic female
them, but comes across as quite naïve. According to Freud’s psychosexual
stages and personality types, Kate probably has ______ personality type.
10 Establishing intimate relationships is one of the developmental tasks of the genital
______ developmental stage of Freud’s psychosexual stages.
11 According to Freud, in order to reduce tension, the ______ operates id
according to the pleasure principle whereby maximum pleasure is obtained
through satisfying all needs.
12 According to Freud, the ______ is an evaluative agent that selects the ego
behaviour that minimises pain while maximising pleasure.
13 According to Freud, the ______ is also known as rationality because it ego
determines appropriate and socially acceptable times and places that will
satisfy the id impulses.
14 According to Freud, the ______ is an internal morality governing ideas on superego
what is right and wrong.
15 The superego has two sub-systems: a consciousness that punishes ego
behaviour and the ______ that rewards it.
16 Jung emphasised the notion of ______, in which people develop different individuation
degrees of introversion and extraversion, and varying tendencies towards the
four functions of sensing, intuition, thinking and feeling.
17 Horney disagreed with Freud on the ideas of the Oedipus complex and womb envy
Electra complex. She proposed ______ instead and indicated that the basic
needs for care and safety influence personality development.
18 Sharon was one of two children. Her mother showed more affection for her psychoanalytic
sister. Sharon hated her mother and adored her father. The result is that
Sharon developed an inferiority complex. She has a very dominant
personality, and criticises everybody – the government, her boss, her
husband and her children. She is trying to overcome her inferiority by making
herself superior to others. This description of Sharon relates to aspects found
in the ______ perspective on personality.
19 Psychoanalysis emphasises the impact of ______ experiences on adult childhood; unconscious
behaviour and the impact of the ______ on behaviour, personality and
motivation.
20 In psychoanalytic theory, Adler states that people have an inherent sense of will to power
inferiority and the ______ is one of the greatest motivating forces in people’s
lives.
