NCLEX Renal Exceptional Insight.

The nurse instructs a client with renal failure who is receiving hemodialysis about dietary modifications. The nurse determines that the client understands these dietary modifications if the client selects which items from the menu? 1. Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee 2. Sausage and eggs, banana, orange juice. 3. Bacon, cantaloupe melon, tomato juice. 4. Cured pork, grits, strawberries, orange juice. 1. The diet for a client with renal failure who is receiving hemodialysis should include controlled amounts of sodium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and fluids. Options 2, 3, and 4 are high in sodium, phosphorus and potassium. The client with acute renal failure has a serum potassium level of 6.0 mEq/L. The nurse would plan which of the following as a priority action? 1. Check the sodium level. 2. Place the client on a cardiac monitor. 3. Encourage increased vegetables in the diet. 4. Allow an extra 500 mL of fluid intake to dilute the electrolyte concentration. 2. The client with hyperkalemia is at risk of developing cardiac dysrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Because of this, the client should be placed on a cardiac monitor. Fluid intake is not increased because it contributes to fluid overload and would not affect the serum potassium level significantly. Vegetables are a natural source of potassium in the