ATSC 113 Final Study Guide Exam Questions with Complete Solutions

ATSC 113 Final Study Guide Exam Questions with Complete Solutions When does fog form - Answer-water is added to unsaturated air, unsaturated air is cooled to its dew-point temperature, when ground warms the air above it Fog forms under what conditions - Answer-- most often late at night (clear skies) or early morning as cool ground cools air - radiation: cooling at night - Advection: humid air blows over a cold surface (lake, ocean...) - upslope: upwards moving air cools against a slop (mountain, hill) - precipitation or frontal: adding moisture, via evaporation - steam: cold air moves over hot surface (warmed fields...) Obscurations to flying - Answer-haze, smoke, blowing dust/sand, blowing snow, volcanic ash, rain why do pilots use density altitude - Answer-thinner air reduces airplane performance, such as the ability to take off and gain altitude, if low-altitude air is hot enough it can act like a lower density what produces an updraft - Answer-mountain waves, thermals (sun heats ground, warm air rises in a thermal), anabatic winds (warm updrafts along mountain slope) boundary layer turbulence - Answer-clear air buoyant updrafts and downdrafts create wind shear interference and turbulence in the atmosphere boundary layer and planetary boundary layer, weak and moderate, not hazard Obstacle/mountain -wake turbulence - Answer-downwind turbulence forms around larges objects form with store winds and unstable air how ice on aircraft affects flight - Answer-decrease lift, increases weight, increases drag, decreases thrust Dry lines - Answer-boundary between dry and humid air of the same temperature, trigger thunderstorms like cold fronts frontal hazards - Answer-icing, thunderstorms, sorting winds, visibility, dry lines super big thunderstorms, sucker hole Thunderstorm hazards - Answer-convective turbulence, downbursts, lightning and P-static, hail, tornadoes, heavy riain weather conditions associated with cold fronts (affecting snow sports) - Answer-- temperatures colder behind a cold front