Sickle Cell Anemia - ATI: Nursing Care of Children Exam Questions and Answers

Sickle Cell Anemia - ATI: Nursing Care of Children Exam Questions and Answers Sickle Cell Disease - Answer- a group of diseases (autosomal recessive genetic disorder) in which abnormal sickle hemoglobin S (HbS) replaces normal adult hemoglobin (Hgb A). Sickle Cell Anemia - Answer- the homozygous and most common form of SCD. Increased destruction of RBCs occurs. manifestations of SCA (resultl of RBC sickling) - Answer- increased blood viscosity, obstruction of blood flow, and tissue hypoxia (causes tissue ischemia, resulting in pain) when manifestations begin to appear - Answer- later in infancy (due to presence of fetal hemoglobin) Sickle Cell Crisis - Answer- exacerbation of SCA Sickle Cell Anemia Risk Factors - Answer- primarily affects African-Americans; other forms of SCD can affect individuals of Mediterranean, Indian, or Middle Eastern descent expected findings - Answer- family history of SCA or Sickle Cell Trait, reports of pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, pallor, pale mucous membranes, jaundice, hands & feet cool to touch, dizziness, headache duration of Vaso-Occlusive Crisis (painful episode) - Answer- usually 4-6 days acute Vaso-Occlusive Crisis - Answer- ● Severe pain, usually in bones, joints, and abdomen ● Swollen joints, hands, and feet ● Abdominal pain