AHS 120 - Final Exam Review 2023 with complete solution

AHS 120 - Final Exam Review 2023 with complete solution Homeostasis Cells and organisms maintain a fairly constant internal environment. Eukarya Cells that contain a nucleus contains domains: Plantae, Protista, Animalia, and Fungi Prokaryotes organisms that do not contain a nucleus Consists of Bacteria & Archaea Hypothesis Supposition that is formulated after making an observation; it can be tested by obtaining more data, often by experimentation organism complex individual that consists of organ systems conclusion made as to whether the results support the hypothesis or do not support the hypothesis organ made up of two or more different tissues performing a common function organ system group of related organs working together species a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. organisms that share a common gene pool population organisms of the same species in a particular area community assemblage of populations interacting with one another within the same environment ecosystem A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. biosphere part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere Biology study of life anatomy The study of body structure ecology Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment biochemistry chemistry dealing with chemical compounds and processes in living plants and animals limnology study of freshwater ecosystems Levels of Biological Organization (smallest to largest) cells tissues organs organ systems organism what membrane of the mitochondrion represents engulfing vesicles if the mitochondrion is the result of endosymbiosis? the outer mitochondrial membrane endosymbiosis A theorized process in which early eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler prokaryotes. Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production; has double membrane has cristae has matrix cytoplasm A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended nucleolus Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes organelle A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell cytoskeleton A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement Phospholipids present in the vesicle membrane will end up in the plasma membrane during what type of transport? exocytosis sodium-potassium pump a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell active transport Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference passive transport the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell Ribosomes site of protein synthesis (make proteins) aerobic respiration Respiration that requires oxygen number of ATP produced in aerobic respiration 38 MAX 36 minimum 4 principle types of tissues epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous