BIOD 151 Module 5 Questions and Correct
Answers, Complete Solution 2024.
three types of muscle tissue
smooth, cardiac, and skeletal
skeletal muscle
under conscious control; has a blood & nervous supply to enable movement
conscious control
a person decided to use this muscle to complete an action
motor action
a message is formed in the brain, is sent to the spinal cord, then sent to the peripheral
nervous system and finally to the correct muscle
peripheral nerves
middle man of carrying a message from central nervous system to specific end point
sensory input
the nerves of the peripheral nervous system carry messages that start externally to the
central nervous system
what action are muscles capable of
they can only pull (contract) and then relax again
tendons
connective tissue that connects skeletal muscles to bone, they are flexible and can
bend at joints and cushion against sudden movement
ligaments
connective tissues that connects bone to bone and stabilizes joints
origin
bony site of attachment that is stationary during movement
insertion
the bony site of attachment that is moved by the muscle contraction
action
the effect that comes from the muscles contraction
innervation
the peripheral nerve that gives the muscle the message from the brain
cranial nerve (CN)
twelve pairs of cranial nerves that originate on the ventral/anterior surface of the brain
erector spinae group
superficial muscles in the back; the prime extensors of vertebral column
flexion of spine
forward bending of the trunk
extension of spine
backward bending
lateral flexion of spine
side bending movement around axis
spinalis
, medial column of erector spinae; three divisions: spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis,
spinalis capitis
longissimus
intermediate column of erector spinae; three divisions: longissimus thoracis,
longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis)
Iliocostalis
lateral column of erector spinae; three divisions: iliocostatlis lumborum, iliocostalis
thoracis, iliocostalis cervicis)
abdominal muscles help with
supporting and protecting the abdominal viscera which are not protected by bone
structures & they help to provide support for upright posture & balance
posterior thorax
back of thoracic cage
trapezius
the most superficial muscle of the back
retraction
movement of a structure in the posterior direction
protraction
movement in the anterior direction
elevation
upward movement of a body part
depression
downward movement of a body part
why does the shoulder require so many ligaments to stabilize it?
the glenoid cavity of the scapula is very small in comparison to the head of the humerus
why is the rotator cuff so important
it is extremely vital to the stabilization of the shoulder joint
hip extension
moving the thigh posteriorly
hip flexion
moving the thigh anteriorly
knee extension
straighten the knee/ increase the angle of the joint
knee flexion
bending the knee / decreasing the angle of the joint
lateral rotation
rotation away for the center of the body
internal rotation
(medial rotation) towards the central axis of the body
Iliopsoas group
psoas major and iliacus
thigh movements
refer to movements of the femur
muscles are capable of
having multiple actions and are able to act on multiple joints
involuntary control
Answers, Complete Solution 2024.
three types of muscle tissue
smooth, cardiac, and skeletal
skeletal muscle
under conscious control; has a blood & nervous supply to enable movement
conscious control
a person decided to use this muscle to complete an action
motor action
a message is formed in the brain, is sent to the spinal cord, then sent to the peripheral
nervous system and finally to the correct muscle
peripheral nerves
middle man of carrying a message from central nervous system to specific end point
sensory input
the nerves of the peripheral nervous system carry messages that start externally to the
central nervous system
what action are muscles capable of
they can only pull (contract) and then relax again
tendons
connective tissue that connects skeletal muscles to bone, they are flexible and can
bend at joints and cushion against sudden movement
ligaments
connective tissues that connects bone to bone and stabilizes joints
origin
bony site of attachment that is stationary during movement
insertion
the bony site of attachment that is moved by the muscle contraction
action
the effect that comes from the muscles contraction
innervation
the peripheral nerve that gives the muscle the message from the brain
cranial nerve (CN)
twelve pairs of cranial nerves that originate on the ventral/anterior surface of the brain
erector spinae group
superficial muscles in the back; the prime extensors of vertebral column
flexion of spine
forward bending of the trunk
extension of spine
backward bending
lateral flexion of spine
side bending movement around axis
spinalis
, medial column of erector spinae; three divisions: spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis,
spinalis capitis
longissimus
intermediate column of erector spinae; three divisions: longissimus thoracis,
longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis)
Iliocostalis
lateral column of erector spinae; three divisions: iliocostatlis lumborum, iliocostalis
thoracis, iliocostalis cervicis)
abdominal muscles help with
supporting and protecting the abdominal viscera which are not protected by bone
structures & they help to provide support for upright posture & balance
posterior thorax
back of thoracic cage
trapezius
the most superficial muscle of the back
retraction
movement of a structure in the posterior direction
protraction
movement in the anterior direction
elevation
upward movement of a body part
depression
downward movement of a body part
why does the shoulder require so many ligaments to stabilize it?
the glenoid cavity of the scapula is very small in comparison to the head of the humerus
why is the rotator cuff so important
it is extremely vital to the stabilization of the shoulder joint
hip extension
moving the thigh posteriorly
hip flexion
moving the thigh anteriorly
knee extension
straighten the knee/ increase the angle of the joint
knee flexion
bending the knee / decreasing the angle of the joint
lateral rotation
rotation away for the center of the body
internal rotation
(medial rotation) towards the central axis of the body
Iliopsoas group
psoas major and iliacus
thigh movements
refer to movements of the femur
muscles are capable of
having multiple actions and are able to act on multiple joints
involuntary control
