TEST BANK for Sociology in Action A Canadian Perspective 4th Edition by Bereska Tami and Symbaluk Diane.

TEST BANK for Sociology in Action: A Canadian Perspective 4th Edition by Bereska Tami and Symbaluk Diane. Chapter 1 1. Chapter 01-001 According to the textbook authors, we might better understand who becomes a professional hockey player by applying ideas developed by which of the following? a. Karl Marx b. Emile Durkheim *c. Max Weber d. Auguste Comte 2. Chapter 01-002 According to the textbook authors, what is the relationship between unemployment and postsecondary education? a. As unemployment increases, postsecondary enrolments decrease. *b. As unemployment increases, postsecondary enrolments increase. c. Unemployment and postsecondary unemployment are essentially unrelated. d. As unemployment decreases, postsecondary enrolments also decrease. 3. Chapter 01-003 "Expectations regarding how we are supposed to act" defines which of the following? a. values b. functionality *c. norms d. cultural facts 4. Chapter 01-004 It can be argued that the so-called hook-up culture found on the modern university or college campus results from a variety of social factors of which the individuals involved might not even be aware. When we make this statement, what kind of sociology are we practising? *a. seeing the strange in the familiar b. seeing the particular in the general c. employing social facts d. recognising the irrelevance of free will 5. Chapter 01-005 According to sociologists, why do some individuals seem to have more resources and face fewer challenges when considering postsecondary education? a. Some universities will only admit students above a particular income level. b. Some individuals make poor choices and have no self-control in their youth. *c. Some individuals experience several coinciding larger social factors that may limit their choices. d. Some individuals don't have the inner resources to overcome life's challenges. 6. Chapter 01-006 In Canada today, how is postsecondary education most commonly viewed? *a. normative b. renormative c. dysfunctional d. functionally required 7. Chapter 01-007 Once Ruth got married, she quit her job, had two children, and stayed at home to raise them. Although Ruth had wanted to be a doctor, raising her children was what her family and friends expected her to do. What kind of influence on her actions was Ruth's decision to follow "expected path"? a. micro-level *b. macro-level c. global d. functional 8. Chapter 01-008 Which term refers to the level of broad social forces? a. micro level *b. macro level c. sociological level d. public level 9. Chapter 01-009 How might a sociologist best understand a situation in which someone adopts a fashion trend that is being widely shared by others in society? a. an example of network diffusion b. the familiar in the strange *c. the strange in the familiar d. decorative diffusion 10. Chapter 01-010 Charles is supposed to drive his friends to school for an important examination. However, no matter how much he tries, Charles cannot start his car. In anger he tells his friends that his car is doing this on purpose. What quality is Charles attributing to his car? a. directionality *b. agency c. micro tendencies d. non-operationality 11. Chapter 01-011 What does it mean when sociologists refer to agency? *a. the ability to make choices b. the ability to connect to a broad web of social services c. the ability to influence others d. the ability to interact effectively with a bureaucracy such as the university 12. Chapter 01-012 Factors such as social stratification, inequality, race, ethnicity, and gender affect opportunities available to a person. What label did Max Weber give to these factors? *a. life chances b. individual opportunities c. life opportunities d. individual chances 13. Chapter 01-013 According to Max Weber, the ways in which our opportunities in life are affected by factors such as race, ethnicity, and gender is summarized by which of the following? a. stratified outcomes *b. life chances c. proletarian deprivation d. lifestyle competition 14. Chapter 01-014 Which of the following is most correct? a. Micro-sociological factors exert influence at the macro-sociological level. b. Macro-sociological factors exert influence at the micro-sociological level. *c. Micro and macro factors may be said to influence each other. d. Micro and macro factors are influential in mutually distinct ways. 15. Chapter 01-015 Which term best describes the relationship between the macro and micro level? a. unidirectional *b. bidirectional c. multidirectional d. nondirectional 16. Chapter 01-016 Which of the following best describes the term "life chances"? a. the probability of surviving a natural disaster *b. the opportunities in life resulting from patterns of stratification and inequality c. the ways in which what one achieves in life is a product of personal will and ambition d. the idea that luck has important sociological dimensions 17. Chapter 01-017 In Canada, how is the decision to attend university perceived? a. It is not considered normative. b. It is no longer affected by life chances. *c. It is, in one sense, an indirect product of the decisions made by so many married mothers to enter the work force in the 1960s and 1970s. d. It is rarely based on financial considerations. 18. Chapter 01-018 According to the textbook authors, what is the essence of the sociological perspective? a. the use of statistics to chart social change b. the promotion of the functional c. the desire to promote change at the micro level *d. the use of a sociological imagination 19. Chapter 01-019 Which statement best describes the relationship between micro and macro levels of explanation? a. Macro questions are the appropriate subject matter of sociology while micro questions are not. b. Micro questions tend to be more important than macro questions. c. Micro questions often require macro answers. *d. Individual experiences which occur at the micro level are intricately connected to broader social forces at the macro level. 20. Chapter 01-020 According to C. Wright Mills, who should use the sociological imagination? a. psychologists b. social psychologists c. professional sociologists only *d. everyone 21. Chapter 01-021 According to C. Wright Mills, what do sociologists try to do? a. They try to relate individual troubles to higher individual-level factors. b. They try to understand individual troubles in a comparative way. *c. They try to relate private troubles to public issues d. They try to understand individual troubles in an interdisciplinary way. 22. Chapter 01-022 Which term best describes the ability of a person to grasp the connection between society and self? *a. sociological imagination b. social evolution c. sociological revelation d. structural integration 23. Chapter 01-023 Which of the following helps us to understand that things are not always what they seem to be? a. the sociological you b. the sociological problematic c. the sociological paradox *d. the sociological imagination 24. Chapter 01-024 Why would social services workers benefit from a degree in sociology? a. They need to understand how to work with marginalised individuals. b. A university degree in at least one social science is necessary for the position. c. They develop social service programs. *d. They deal with both personal and social problems. 25. Chapter 01-025 According to C. Wright Mills, the sociological imagination encourages the exploration of which of the following with respect to unemployment? a. the reasons for individual unemployment b. how the unemployment of individuals affects society in dysfunctional ways c. why unemployment rates have more to do with the imagination of the record-keepers than with the facts *d. the link between unemployment as an individual problem and unemployment as a societal problem 26. Chapter 01-026 Why do some people use the phrase "commit sociology"? a. It is often used by researchers to describe their procedures. *b. They mean to discourage an examination of the root causes of serious social problems. c. It is used to reference to C. Wright Mills, who first used it to describe sociologists feeling about the sociological imagination. d. It is used as a way of acknowledging the contributions of Max Weber because he was the first to use the phrase. 27. Chapter 01-027 When the sociological imagination is employed, we are encouraged to see a link between which pair of concepts? *a. biography and history b. anomie and life chances c. significant and generalised others d. normative and non-normative behaviour 28. Chapter 01-028 According to C. Wright Mills, which of the following is true with respect to the sociological imagination? a. It is best thought of really just an intellectual exercise. b. When used by itself, it lacks any real explanatory power. c. It provides a poor guide for the development of social policy. *d. It should be employed by all members of society. 29. Chapter 01-029 What is being suggested when scholars are accused of "committing sociology"? *a. that they are too interested in the root causes of social problems b. that they fail to be attentive to the role played by social facts in the life of a society c. that sociology is a superior approach when compared to other social sciences d. that sociology lacks a moral dimension 30. Chapter 01-030 Who was Auguste Comte? a. He introduced the concept of the "life chance." b. He introduced the concept of the "sociological imagination." c. He argued that sociology needs to be more interdisciplinary. *d. He gave sociology its name. 31. Chapter 01-031 The work of which of the following can be seen as an important precursor of sociology? a. Hypatia b. Napoleon c. Michelangelo *d. Ibn Khaldun 32. Chapter 01-032 For Comte what are the key dimensions of social life? a. the individual and society b. material and non-material culture c. the social and the pre-social *d. social statics and social dynamics 33. Chapter 01-033 Whom might most people consider to be the founder of Sociology? a. Erving Goffman b. C. Wright Mills *c. Auguste Comte d. Julius Marx 34. Chapter 01-034 Even before the discipline had a name, what were the early sociologists trying to understand? a. research methods *b. social change c. early theory d. social myth 35. Chapter 01-035 Which of the following terms refers to the establishment of permanent settlements, the appropriation of resources, and the exploitation of Indigenous peoples? a. exploration/discovery b. colonialism *c. colonization d. resettlement 36. Chapter 01-036 How can we think of sociology when compared to other social sciences? a. it is more honest b. it is more valid *c. it is more comprehensive d. it is much more ancient 37. Chapter 01-037 Who is acknowledged as doing work that examined how power affected the society of the time? a. Mahatma Gandhi *b. Ibn Khaldun c. Aristotle d. Confucius 38. Chapter 01-038 Who is noted as the first academic to recognize the significance of combining empirical research and theory as a productive method of studying the social world? *a. Auguste Comte b. Karl Marx c. Max Weber d. Max Blumer 39. Chapter 01-039 Sociological research has provided society with an overview of the Canadian legal and corrections systems. These data would not have been available for analysis and application to society without the use of which of the following to gather reliable knowledge? *a. empirical methods b. theoretical conceptualization c. research funding d. experimental methodologies 40. Chapter 01-040 A defining feature of sociology, what is its central focus? a. the study of behaviour b. group psychology *c. the connections between people and organizations d. the study of social life 41. Chapter 01-041 Why do we describe sociological methods as empirical? a. They were first used in the establishment of the British Empire. b. They reflect the biases of those who use them. *c. They involve the collection of verifiable evidence. d. They use a non-historical approach. 42. Chapter 01-042 Which term refers to a set of propositions intended to explain a fact or a phenomenon? *a. a theory b. a norm c. a concept d. a paradigm 43. Chapter 01-043 In a large metropolitan centre, authorities suspected that break-and-enter and other theft crimes were increasing due to massive layoffs during a global recession and the subsequent loss of income. By systematically studying the income levels of populations within the metropolitan area, the most vulnerable areas were identified and strategies for addressing the immediate needs of the people in those areas were initiated. Which sociological approach is useful for this type of objective study of this nature? a. critical *b. positivist c. negativist d. reductionist 44. Chapter 01-044 Jocelyn has been turned down for five jobs in the last two months. She believes the interviewers do not consider her because of the colour of her skin. What theoretical approach would be most effective when analysing situations like Jocelyn's ? a. interpretive *b. critical c. positive d. negative