ATI TEAS SCIENCE EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024 WALDEN UNIVERSITY

What does the respiratory system do? - answer-Brings in oxygen to go into the cells, and picks up carbon dioxide to be removed from the bodyguard What are the 7 parts of the respiratory system? - answer-1. Nose 2. Pharynx 3. Larynx (voice box) 4. Trachea (windpipe) 5. Bronchi 6. Bronchioles 7. Alveoli What are alveoli surrounded by to allow the exchange of O2 and CO2? - answerCapillaries What is cilia? - answer-Tiny hairs in the nose and trachea that wave particles up away and out What is mucus? - answer-Something that keeps the air warm and moist but also traps particles How many alveoli does each lung have? - answer-150 million What does hemoglobin do? - answer-Carries oxygen through the blood What is pleura? - answer-Sacs that surround the lungs What is the diaphragm? - answer-The muscle at the bottom of the thoracic cavity What happens during inhalation? - answer-Diaphragm moves down (contracts), rib cage rises, volume of chest cavity increases, air moves in to fill the space What happens during exhalation? - answer-Diaphragm moves up (relaxes), rib cage lowers, space becomes smaller, air is pushed out of lungs What does the medulla oblongata do? - answer-Controls breathing What is chronic bronchitis? - answer-Bronchi swell and become clogged with mucus What is emphysema? - answer-Tissues in lungs lose elasticity; tissues can't enough O2 or get rid of enough CO2 What is lung cancer? - answer-Cells that do not stop reproducing; can spread to other locations because lungs are so central and connected to so much; survival is generally less then 5 years from diagnosis What is heart disease? - answer-Blood vessels are constricted, blood pressure rises, heart has to work harder, heart wears out more quickly What is cystic fibrosis? - answer-Genetic (recessive); lungs can get clogged with mucous What is mesothelioma? - answer-Lungs become exposed to asbestos and lose elasticity What is elastic recoil? - answer-The ability for the alveoli to get filled with air then return to their normal shape once the air is released What is a spirometer? - answer-an instrument for measuring the air capacity of the lungs What is tidal volume? - answer-The amount of air taken in and breathed out in a typical breath What is supplemental volume? - answer-The xtra air that can be inhaled or exhaled with a deep breath What is reserve amount? - answer-The amount of extra air you can breathe out when you force air out of your lungs What is residual amount? - answer-The amount of air in your lungs that you cannot get rid of (even during forced exhaling) What is vital capacity? - answer-All the air you can control going in or out of your lungs (supplemental + reserve = vital) What is total capacity? - answer-From the top of your supplemental amount to the bottom of your residual volume