HESI A2 2022-2024 VERSION 3 COMPLETE EXAM READING
AND COMPREHENSION,VOCABULARY,GRAMMAR, MATH,
BIOLOGY,ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
READING AND COMPREHENSION
Have you ever wondered why the whistle of a traveling, distant locomotive predicts its approach
several yards before anyone actually sees it? Or why an oncoming ambulance’s screaming siren
is heard momentarily several feet before the ambulance comes into full view, before it passes
you, and why its siren is still heard faintly well after the ambulance is out of sight?
What you are witnessing is a scientific phenomenon known as the Doppler Effect. What takes
place is truly remarkable. In both of these instances, when the train or ambulance moves toward
the sound waves in front of it, the sound waves are pulled closer together and have a higher
frequency. In either instance, the listener positioned in front of the moving object hears a higher
pitch. The ambulance and locomotive are progressively moving away from the sound waves
behind them, causing the waves to be farther apart and to have a lower frequency. These fast-
approaching modes of transportation distance themselves past the listener, who hears a lower
pitch.
1. Which statement is not listed as a detail in the passage?
A. The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of high frequency and closeness
of waves.
B. The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of low frequency and closeness
of waves.
C. The whistling sound of the locomotive as it approaches and passes can be explained by
the Doppler effect.
D. The high-pitched sound of the ambulance as it approaches and passes can be explained
by the Doppler effect.
2. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Trains and ambulances make distinctly loud noises.
B. Low-frequency waves make high-pitched sounds.
C. High-frequency waves make low-pitched sounds.
D. The Doppler Effect explains the rationale for why sound is heard initially more strongly
and then faintly after a moving object has passed.
3. What is the meaning of the word phenomenon in the second paragraph?
,A. Something that is lifeless to the senses
,B. Something that is nonchalant
C. Something that is significant but unusual
D. Something that is chemical in origin
4. What is the author’s primary purpose in writing this essay?
A. To entertain the reader with information about trains and ambulances
B. To inform the reader about avoiding accidents, which involve trains and ambulances
C. To inform the reader about how movement affects sound
D. To analyze the difference between train and ambulance sounds
5. Which sound waves have a higher pitch?
A. Those waves that are closer together
B. Those waves that are farther apart
C. Those waves that travel a long distance
D. Those waves that travel a short distance
6. Which sound waves have a lower pitch?
A. Those waves that are closer together
B. Those waves that are farther apart
C. Those waves that travel a long distance
D. Those waves that travel a short distance
Electrocardiogram
Beep!…Beep!…Beep! is the audible rhythmic sound made as the strength of the heart muscle is
measured. The signal cadence has a characteristic record that varies in every individual. This
record is called an electrocardiogram, or ECG.
In the body, an array of systemic neural responses constantly occur, emitting electric currents.
The electric currents can be detected on the surface of the body, and if a person is hooked to an
amplifier, these impulses are recorded by an electrocardiograph.
, Most of the information obtained is about the heart because the heart sends out electric currents
in waves. This ―wave of excitation‖ spreads through the heart wall and is accompanied by
electric changes. The wave takes place in three distinct steps.
Initially, the ―wave of excitation‖ accompanied by an electric change lasts for approximately 1
to 2 seconds after the contraction of the cardiac muscle. The electric impulses are discharged
AND COMPREHENSION,VOCABULARY,GRAMMAR, MATH,
BIOLOGY,ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
READING AND COMPREHENSION
Have you ever wondered why the whistle of a traveling, distant locomotive predicts its approach
several yards before anyone actually sees it? Or why an oncoming ambulance’s screaming siren
is heard momentarily several feet before the ambulance comes into full view, before it passes
you, and why its siren is still heard faintly well after the ambulance is out of sight?
What you are witnessing is a scientific phenomenon known as the Doppler Effect. What takes
place is truly remarkable. In both of these instances, when the train or ambulance moves toward
the sound waves in front of it, the sound waves are pulled closer together and have a higher
frequency. In either instance, the listener positioned in front of the moving object hears a higher
pitch. The ambulance and locomotive are progressively moving away from the sound waves
behind them, causing the waves to be farther apart and to have a lower frequency. These fast-
approaching modes of transportation distance themselves past the listener, who hears a lower
pitch.
1. Which statement is not listed as a detail in the passage?
A. The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of high frequency and closeness
of waves.
B. The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of low frequency and closeness
of waves.
C. The whistling sound of the locomotive as it approaches and passes can be explained by
the Doppler effect.
D. The high-pitched sound of the ambulance as it approaches and passes can be explained
by the Doppler effect.
2. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Trains and ambulances make distinctly loud noises.
B. Low-frequency waves make high-pitched sounds.
C. High-frequency waves make low-pitched sounds.
D. The Doppler Effect explains the rationale for why sound is heard initially more strongly
and then faintly after a moving object has passed.
3. What is the meaning of the word phenomenon in the second paragraph?
,A. Something that is lifeless to the senses
,B. Something that is nonchalant
C. Something that is significant but unusual
D. Something that is chemical in origin
4. What is the author’s primary purpose in writing this essay?
A. To entertain the reader with information about trains and ambulances
B. To inform the reader about avoiding accidents, which involve trains and ambulances
C. To inform the reader about how movement affects sound
D. To analyze the difference between train and ambulance sounds
5. Which sound waves have a higher pitch?
A. Those waves that are closer together
B. Those waves that are farther apart
C. Those waves that travel a long distance
D. Those waves that travel a short distance
6. Which sound waves have a lower pitch?
A. Those waves that are closer together
B. Those waves that are farther apart
C. Those waves that travel a long distance
D. Those waves that travel a short distance
Electrocardiogram
Beep!…Beep!…Beep! is the audible rhythmic sound made as the strength of the heart muscle is
measured. The signal cadence has a characteristic record that varies in every individual. This
record is called an electrocardiogram, or ECG.
In the body, an array of systemic neural responses constantly occur, emitting electric currents.
The electric currents can be detected on the surface of the body, and if a person is hooked to an
amplifier, these impulses are recorded by an electrocardiograph.
, Most of the information obtained is about the heart because the heart sends out electric currents
in waves. This ―wave of excitation‖ spreads through the heart wall and is accompanied by
electric changes. The wave takes place in three distinct steps.
Initially, the ―wave of excitation‖ accompanied by an electric change lasts for approximately 1
to 2 seconds after the contraction of the cardiac muscle. The electric impulses are discharged
