Test Bank Memmler’s The Human Body in Health and Disease 14th Edition Cohen Hull

Test Bank Memmler’s The Human Body in Health and Disease 14th Edition Cohen HullContents Chapter 1: Organization of the Human Body Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which word is derived from the Greek word meaning “cutting up”? A. B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 3 dissection physiology PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction 2. Which word is defined as the study of the function of living organisms and their parts? A. B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 6 dissection physiology PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction A. B. 3. Which word is defined as the scientific study of disease? C. dissection physiology ANS: C REF: MCS: 6 4. A. B. C. D. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 5. Cells are more complex than tissues are the first level of organization in the body are the smallest living units of structure and function in the body both B and C DIF: Application REF: MCS: 8 A group of cells that act together to perform a function is called a(n) A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 8 1 | P a g e molecule organ PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization tissue organism PTS: TOP: 1 Introduction D. DIF: Memorization pathology anatomy C. D. DIF: Memorization pathology anatomy C. D. DIF: Memorization pathology anatomy6. A. B. ANS: A The heart is an example of a(n) organ tissue PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 7. C. D. organism system DIF: Application REF: MCS: 8 The levels of organization from most simple to most complex are A. B. C. D. ANS: D REF: MCS: 7 PTS: 1 cell system tissue system chemical system chemical system tissue cell DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 8. When using directional terms to describe the body, it is assumed that the body is in what position? A. supine B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 9 9. A. B. C. D. ANS: A REF: MCS: 9 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position 10. The prone position A. B. C. D. 2 | P a g e describes the body lying face up is also called the anatomical position describes the body lying face down both B and C anatomical PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position The supine position describes the body lying face up is also called anatomical position describes the body lying face down both A and B lateral prone cell tissue organ organ chemical cell organ chemical tissue organANS: C REF: MCS: 9 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position 11. Because humans walk upright, the term dorsal can be used in place of the term A. B. ANS: B direction 12. A. B. ANS: D The opposite term for posterior in humans is C. superior anterior PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 13. D. DIF: Application The opposite term for superficial is A. B. ANS: A REF: MCS: 10 14. section. A. B. ANS: B deep inferior PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction The body section that divides the right ear from the left ear is a frontal sagittal PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections 15. C. D. DIF: Application coronal transverse REF: MCS: 10 The body section that divides the nose from the back of the head is a section. A. B. ANS: A frontal sagittal PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Application TOP: Planes or body sections 16. A section that divides the body into mirror images is a A. B. ANS: C 3 | P a g e frontal coronal PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Application midsagittal transverse REF: MCS: 10 section. midsagittal transverse REF: MCS: 10 posterior medial ventral both B and C REF: MCS: 9 inferior posterior PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 9 C. D. DIF: TOP: Anatomical anterior distalTOP: Planes or body sections 17. The two major body cavities are called A. thoracic and abdominal C. dorsal and ventral 4 | P a g eB. thoracic and pelvic ANS: C REF: MCS: 10 18. A. B. ANS: D TOP: Body cavities 19. PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities The liver can be found in the upper right quadrant epigastric region PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Application The word “leg” correctly describes the A. B. ANS: B REF: MCS: 13 20. example of A. B. ANS: A area from the hip to the foot area from the knee to the ankle PTS: 1 TOP: Body regions The human body tries to maintain a constant body temperature. This is an homeostasis a positive feedback loop PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 21. C. D. DIF: Application an effector a sensor REF: MCS: 15 The part of a feedback loop that has the direct effect on the regulated condition is called A. homeostasis B. ANS: B body functions 22. the effector PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 C. D. DIF: TOP: The balance of The part of the feedback loop that detects a change in the regulated condition is called A. homeostasis B. ANS: C 5 | P a g e the effector PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: the sensor the control center the sensor the control center C. D. DIF: Memorization area between the hip and the knee femoral area hypogastric region both A and B REF: MCS: 11 D. DIF: Memorization mediastinum and pleuralMemorization REF: MCS: 15 body functions 23. TOP: The balance of The part of the feedback loop that compares the present condition to the homeostatic condition the body is trying to maintain is called A. homeostasis B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 15 the effector PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions 24. When your body temperature drops below normal, your muscles begin to contract rapidly, making you shiver and generating heat. In this case your muscles are acting as the A. sensor B. ANS: B effector PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Synthesis control center both A and C REF: MCS: 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 25. Which of the following body functions is an example of a positive feedback loop? A. B. C. D. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 26. maintaining a pH of 7.45 in the body forming a blood clot uterine contractions during labor both B and C DIF: Application REF: MCS: 16 The level of organization directly below the organ level is the A. B. ANS: C REF: MCS: 7 system cellular PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 27. Which of these terms cannot be applied to a body in the anatomical position? A. B. ANS: C position A. 6 | P a g e 28. Which term means toward the head? C. anterior superficial dorsal posterior PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 9 C. D. DIF: TOP: Anatomical supine both A and B tissue chemical level. the sensor the control centerB. superior ANS: B REF: MCS: 9 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction 29. Which describes the anatomical relationship of the wrist to the elbow? A. B. C. D. ANS: A PTS: 1 The elbow is proximal to the wrist. The elbow is distal to the wrist. The elbow is superficial to the wrist. The elbow is lateral to the wrist. DIF: Application TOP: Anatomical direction 30. A coronal plane or section is another term for a A. B. ANS: D REF: MCS: 10 31. A. B. C. D. ANS: B REF: MCS: 10 PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities A. B. C. D. 32. Which is not a part of the upper abdominopelvic region? right hypochondriac region epigastric region hypogastric region All of the above are part of the upper abdominopelvic region. ANS: C REF: MCS: 11 TRUE/FALS E PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Body cavities 7 | P a g e sagittal midsagittal PTS: 1 C. D. DIF: Memorization TOP: Planes of body sections The muscular sheet called the diaphragm divides the right and left pleural cavities thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavities abdominal and pelvic cavities thoracic cavity and mediastinum DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 9 plane. transverse frontal D. ventral1. ANS: T REF: MCS: P T S : 1 D I F : M e m o r i z a t i o n T O P : I n t r o d u c t i o n 2. 8 | P a g e The word “dissection” comes from Greek words meaning “cutting up.” Anatomy is defined as the study of the structure of an organism. 3ANS: F REF: MCS: 3 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Introduction 3. Anatomy deals with the study of structure, whereas physiology deals with the study of function. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 3 | MCS: 6 4. ANS: T REF: MCS: 6 5. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Introduction Pathology is the scientific study of disease. PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction A protein molecule is considered to be at the cellular level of organization. PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis TOP: Structural levels of organization 6. REF: MCS: 7 ANS: FPTS: MCS: 7 7. function in the body. ANS: T REF: MCS: 8 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 8. A group of cells working together to perform a specific function is called an organ. ANS: F REF: MCS: 8 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 9. A group of several different tissues working together to perform a specific function is called an organ. ANS: T 8 REF: MCS: P 9 | P a g e rganization The cell is the simplest level of organization in the human body. 1 DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Structural levels of organization Cells are considered to be the smallest living unit of structure and DIF: MemorizationT S : 1 D I F : M e m o r i z a t i o n T O P : S t r u c t u r a l l e v e l s o f o 10. The organ is the highest level of organization in the human body. ANS: F REF: MCS: 7 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization 10 | P a g e11. the body. ANS: T Anatomical position is the reference position for the directional terms of PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical position 12. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 If you like to sleep on your stomach, you prefer sleeping in the supine position. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 TOP: Anatomical position 13. Doctors recommend putting babies to sleep on their backs to help prevent breathing problems. This is the supine position. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical position 14. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The anatomical position can be described as the body being erect with the arms held at shoulder level with the palms of the hands facing down. ANS: FPTS: 1 MCS: 9 15. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Anatomical position The ankle is inferior to the knee. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 TOP: Anatomical direction 16. Dorsal and anterior are interchangeable terms when referring to humans. ANS: FPTS: MCS: 9 17. ANS: F 1 DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Anatomical direction The lungs are medial to the heart. PTS: 1 DIF: Application TOP: Anatomical direction 18. The elbow is proximal to the wrist. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 19. DIF: Application The skin is superficial to the muscles. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 11 | P a g e DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 REF: MCS: 9 REF: MCS: 920. ANS: FPTS: MCS: 9 21. ANS: F Proximal and medial are opposite terms. 1 DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Anatomical direction The knee is distal to the ankle. PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 22. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 ANS: F The middle toe is medial to the big toe but lateral to the smallest toe. PTS: 1 DIF: Application TOP: Anatomical direction 23. ANS: T PTS: Frontal and coronal sections refer to the same thing. 1 DIF: MCS: 10 24. ANS: FPTS: Memorization REF: TOP: Planes or body sections Sagittal and midsagittal sections refer to the same thing. 1 DIF: MCS: 10 Memorization REF: TOP: Planes or body sections 25. A plane dividing a body into upper and lower portions is a transverse plane. ANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 10 DIF: TOP: Planes or body sections 26. A plane dividing the body into front and back portions is a sagittal plane. ANS: FPTS: MCS: 10 1 DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Planes or body sections 27. A midsagittal plane divides the right shoulder from the left shoulder. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 28. A transverse plane divides the eyes from the back of the head. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Planes or body sections 29. A frontal section divides the eyes from the back of the head. 12 | P a g e REF: MCS: 9ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections 30. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 ANS: T PTS: The ventral cavity is one of the main cavities of the body. 1 DIF: MCS: 10 31. ANS: FPTS: TOP: Body cavities The mediastinum is a subdivision of the abdominal cavity. 1 DIF: MCS: 10 32. ANS: T PTS: TOP: Body cavities The pleural cavities are subdivisions of the thoracic cavity. 1 DIF: MCS: 10 33. ANS: T TOP: Body cavities 34. TOP: Body cavities The abdominal cavity is inferior to the thoracic cavity. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 9 The abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 10 35. TOP: Body cavities The thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: MCS: 11 36. TOP: Body cavities The right hypochondriac region is completely in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities 37. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 The left hypochondriac region is completely in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. ANS: F TOP: Body cavities 38. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 11 The right lumbar region is superior to the right iliac region. 13 | P a g e DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization Memorization REF: Memorization REF: Memorization REF:ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities 39. DIF: Application ANS: T PTS: The dorsal cavity includes the spinal cavity. 1 DIF: MCS: 11 40. ANS: T PTS: TOP: Body cavities The brain is located in the dorsal cavity. 1 DIF: MCS: 15 TOP: Body cavities 41. Homeostasis is the relative consistency of the internal environment of the body. ANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 15 DIF: TOP: The balance of body functions 42. One method the body has of maintaining homeostasis is a positive feedback loop. ANS: F REF: MCS: 15 43. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions In a feedback loop, the part of the system that compares the actual condition to the controlled condition is called the sensor. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 15 44. TOP: The balance of body functions In a feedback loop, the part of the system that effects a change in the controlled condition is called the effector. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization MCS: 15 45. TOP: The balance of body functions In a feedback loop, the part of the system that detects a change in the controlled condition is called the sensor. ANS: T PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 DIF: TOP: The balance of body functions 46. A negative feedback loop stimulates and amplifies a change in the internal environment. 14 | P a g e Memorization REF: REF: MCS: 11 Memorization REF:ANS: F PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 DIF: TOP: The balance of body functions 47. A negative feedback loop opposes or negates a change in the internal environment. ANS: T PTS: MCS: 16 48. ANS: FPTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: The balance of body functions The body has more positive feedback loops than negative feedback loops. 1 DIF: Memorization REF: MCS: 16 49. ANS: F TOP: The balance of body functions The formation of a blood clot is an example of a negative feedback loop. PTS: 1 DIF: Application TOP: The balance of body functions 50. REF: MCS: 16 The pH of the body must remain within a very narrow range. It would more likely be controlled by a negative feedback loop. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: MCS: 16 TOP: The balance of body functions 51. Women have one more positive feedback loop than do men. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 52. DIF: Synthesis REF: MCS: 10 Both the heart and the blood vessels are considered to be organs in the cardiovascular system. ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 53. DIF: Application REF: MCS: 10 An “L” on an anatomical compass rosette can stand for “Left” or “Lateral” depending on what is opposite it. ANS: T REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 10 54. DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction An “S” on an anatomical compass rosette can stand for “Superior” or “Supine” depending on what is opposite it. ANS: F REF: PTS: 1 MCS: 10 15 | P a g e DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction55. When you look at an anatomical compass rosette in the text, the “R” on the rosette is on your right side. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction MATCHING Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. A. chemical level B. C. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. REF: MCS: 7 2. REF: MCS: 7 3. REF: MCS: 7 4. REF: MCS: 7 5. REF: MCS: 7 6. REF: MCS: 10 cellular level tissue level D. E. F. the smallest “living” part of the body a word used to denote a living thing level that includes atoms and molecules level made up of groups of tissues working together to perform a task level that is the most complex unit that makes up the body level that is made up of a group of cells working together to perform a task ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: ANS: Structural levels of organization F PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of ANS: organization A TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: Structural levels of organization D Structural levels of organization E Structural levels of organization C PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. A. superior B. C. D. 16 | P a g e anterior medial proximal F. G. H. I. inferior posterior lateral distal DIF: DIF: Memorization Memorization organ level system level organism DIF: Application REF: MCS: 7 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: MemorizationE. superficial 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 7. REF: MCS: 9 8. REF: MCS: 9 9. REF: MCS: 9 10. J. nearer to the surface of the body toward the head or above toward the midline of the body away from the trunk or point of origin toward the feet or below toward the back farther away from the surface of the body toward the side toward the front nearest to the trunk or point of origin ANS: E TOP: Anatomical ANS: direction A TOP: Anatomical ANS: direction C TOP: ANS: Anatomical direction I PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization DIF: Memorization deep 17 | P a g eREF: MCS: 9 11. REF: MCS: 9 12. REF: MCS: 10 13. REF: MCS: 9 14. REF: MCS: 9 15. REF: MCS: 9 16. REF: MCS: 10 TOP: Anatomical ANS: direction F TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: TOP: ANS: Anatomical direction G Anatomical direction J PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization PTS: 1 PTS: Anatomical direction H PTS: Anatomical direction B PTS: Anatomical direction D PTS: TOP: Anatomical direction Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. A. frontal plane B. C. D. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 17. REF: MCS: 11 18. REF: MCS: 10 19. 18 | P a g e transverse plane sagittal plane diaphragm E. F. G. H. thoracic cavity abdominopelvic cavity cranial cavity mediastinum a muscular sheet dividing the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities the lower part of the ventral body cavity divides the body into right and left sides part of the dorsal cavity that contains the brain divides the body into upper and lower parts a subdivision of the thoracic cavity divides the body into front and rear parts cavity that is subdivided into pleural cavities ANS: TOP: ANS : TOP: ANS : D Body cavities F PTS: PTS: Body