FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 9TH EDITION POTTER TEST BANK (CHAPTER 11) DEVELOPMENTAL THEORIES COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED)

FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 9TH EDITION POTTER TEST BANK (CHAPTER 11) DEVELOPMENTAL THEORIES COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED) Chapter 11: Developmental Theories Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. When caring for a middle-aged adult exhibiting maladaptive coping skills, the nurse is trying to determine the cause of the patient’s behavior. Which information from a growth and development perspective should the nurse consider when planning care? a. Individuals have uniform patterns of growth and development. b. Culture usually has no effect on predictable patterns of growth and development. c. Health is promoted based on how many developmental failures a patient experiences. When individuals experience repeated developmental failures, inadequacies sometimes d. result. ANS: D If individuals have repeated development failures, inadequacies sometimes result should be considered. Developmental failures could manifest with ineffective coping skills. However, when an individual experiences successes, health is promoted. Patients have unique patterns of growth and development that are not uniform. Nurses must consider the influence of culture and context on growth and development. 2. A nurse is measuring an infant’s head circumference and height. Which area is the nurse assessing? a. Moral development b. Cognitive development c. Biophysical development d. Psychosocial development ANS: C Biophysical development is how our physical bodies grow and change. Moral development is the difference between right and wrong. Cognitive development comprises changes in intelligence, use of language, and development of thinking. Psychosocial development consists of variations in emotions and relationships with others. 3. Which question will be most appropriate for a nurse to ask when assessing an adult patient for growth and developmental delays? a. “How many times per week do you exercise?” b. “Are you able to stand on one foot for 5 seconds?” c. “Would you please describe your usual activities during the day?” “How many hours a day do you spend watching television or sitting in front of a d. computer?” ANS: C Asking the patient to describe usual daily activities will provide the nurse with useful information about the patient’s current patterns. Understanding normal growth and development helps nurses predict, prevent, and detect deviations from patients’ own expected patterns. How many hours are spent watching television or in front of a computer and how many times the patient exercises in a week would not provide the nurse with as much information about the patient’s expected patterns when stated patterns are compared with expected patterns for the patient’s age group to detect delays. The question about standing on one foot is for a child, not an adult. 4. A nurse is using the proximodistal pattern to assess an infant’s growth and development as normal. Which assessment finding will the nurse determine as normal? a. Bangs objects before turns b. Lifts head before grasps c. Walks before crawls d. Laughs before coos ANS: B Lifting the head before grasping is a normal finding according to proximodistal growth. The proximodistal growth pattern starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities (e.g., organ systems in the trunk of the body develop before arms and legs). The infant should turn before banging objects and crawl before walking according to the proximodistal pattern of growth. The infant should coo before laughing, but this is not an example of proximodistal; this is an example of language development.