Molecular Biology of The Cell – Alberts chapter 006 Test Bank
with Correct Answers 2023/2024 Verified
acid correct answers In the context of cell biology, an organic molecule that dissociates in water to
generate hydronium (H3O+) ions (thereby producing a low pH). It donates a protein to a water moelcule
(dissociates).
amino acid correct answers Organic molecule containing both an amino group and a carboxyl group. α-
Amino acids (those in which the amino and carboxyl groups are linked to the same carbon atom) serve
as the building blocks of proteins.
atom correct answers The smallest particle of an element that still retains its distinctive chemical
properties.
atomic weight correct answers Mass of an atom expressed in daltons.
ATP
(adenosine 5'-triphosphate) correct answers Nucleoside triphosphate composed of adenine, ribose, and
three phosphate groups that is the principal carrier of chemical energy in cells. The terminal phosphate
groups are highly reactive in the sense that their hydrolysis, or transfer to another molecule, is
accompanied by the release of a large amount of free energy.
Avogadro's number correct answers The number of molecules in a quantity of substance equal to its
molecular weight in grams. Approximately 6x10^23.
base correct answers Molecule that accepts a proton in solution. It raises the concentration of hydroxyl
(OH) by removing a proton from a water molecule. Also used to refer to the purine and pyrimidines in
DNA and RNA, which are organic bases.
buffer correct answers Any weak acid or base that can release or take up protons, and thereby serve to
maintain the pH under a variety of conditions.
chemical bond correct answers Chemical affinity between two atoms that holds them together. Types
found in living cells include ionic bonds(metal+ nonmetal), covalent bonds (2 nonmetals) and hydrogen
bonds.
chemical group correct answers A group of atoms that have distinct chemcial and physical properties
that influence the behavior of the moelcule. (like gaining or losing a proton)
condensation reaction correct answers Type of chemical reaction in which two organic molecules
become linked to each other by a covalent bond with concomitant removal of a molecule of water.
conformation correct answers Spatial location of the atoms of a molecule relative to each other. The
precise shape of a protein or other macromolecule in three dimensions.
covalent bond correct answers Stable chemical link between two atoms produced by sharing one or
more pairs of electrons. (2 nonmetals) they are stornger then ionic bonds
with Correct Answers 2023/2024 Verified
acid correct answers In the context of cell biology, an organic molecule that dissociates in water to
generate hydronium (H3O+) ions (thereby producing a low pH). It donates a protein to a water moelcule
(dissociates).
amino acid correct answers Organic molecule containing both an amino group and a carboxyl group. α-
Amino acids (those in which the amino and carboxyl groups are linked to the same carbon atom) serve
as the building blocks of proteins.
atom correct answers The smallest particle of an element that still retains its distinctive chemical
properties.
atomic weight correct answers Mass of an atom expressed in daltons.
ATP
(adenosine 5'-triphosphate) correct answers Nucleoside triphosphate composed of adenine, ribose, and
three phosphate groups that is the principal carrier of chemical energy in cells. The terminal phosphate
groups are highly reactive in the sense that their hydrolysis, or transfer to another molecule, is
accompanied by the release of a large amount of free energy.
Avogadro's number correct answers The number of molecules in a quantity of substance equal to its
molecular weight in grams. Approximately 6x10^23.
base correct answers Molecule that accepts a proton in solution. It raises the concentration of hydroxyl
(OH) by removing a proton from a water molecule. Also used to refer to the purine and pyrimidines in
DNA and RNA, which are organic bases.
buffer correct answers Any weak acid or base that can release or take up protons, and thereby serve to
maintain the pH under a variety of conditions.
chemical bond correct answers Chemical affinity between two atoms that holds them together. Types
found in living cells include ionic bonds(metal+ nonmetal), covalent bonds (2 nonmetals) and hydrogen
bonds.
chemical group correct answers A group of atoms that have distinct chemcial and physical properties
that influence the behavior of the moelcule. (like gaining or losing a proton)
condensation reaction correct answers Type of chemical reaction in which two organic molecules
become linked to each other by a covalent bond with concomitant removal of a molecule of water.
conformation correct answers Spatial location of the atoms of a molecule relative to each other. The
precise shape of a protein or other macromolecule in three dimensions.
covalent bond correct answers Stable chemical link between two atoms produced by sharing one or
more pairs of electrons. (2 nonmetals) they are stornger then ionic bonds
