Karp Cell & MolecularBio Chapter 14 Questions With Answer

Karp Cell & MolecularBio Chapter 14 Questions With Answers Cell cycle - ANSWER- the series of stages a cell goes through M Phase - ANSWER- includes the process of mitosis and cytokinesis interphase - ANSWER- the majority of the cell cycle and lasts longer than the M phase; it may extend for days, week, or longer. G1 - ANSWER- takes place between the end of mitosis and the beginning of DNA replication. S phase - ANSWER- DNA replication occurs during this phase of the cell cycle G2 - ANSWER- occurs between the end of S and the beginning of mitosis asymmetric division - ANSWER- daughter cells have different fates than parent cell quiescent - ANSWER- a dormant cell senescent - ANSWER- an aging or deteriorating cell Maturation promoting factor - ANSWER- consists of two subunits: a kinase and a regulatory subunit, cyclin. cyclin dependent kinases - ANSWER- The kinase is always present, Production of the cyclin leads to activation of the kinase cdc2 - ANSWER- a kinase that is needed to start both commitment points; activity is regulated by different cyclins Wee1 - ANSWER- promotes early cell division, thus smaller cells cdc25 - ANSWER- prevents cell division, but allows cell to keep growing. Also called string CDK inhibitor - ANSWER- proteins that prevent cyclin dependent kinases from functioning controlled proteolysis - ANSWER- mitotic cyclins are targeted and destroyed by ubiquitin ligases so that the cell can exit mitosis and enter a new cell cycle