AACVPR CCRP Exam LATEST ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRCT DETAILED ANSWERS|AGRADE 100% VERIFIED

AACVPR CCRP Exam LATEST ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRCT DETAILED ANSWERS|AGRADE 100% VERIFIED recommended lipid profile ____ weeks after start of statin and ______ months thereafter - ANSWER- 4-12; 3-12 if patients have adverse reaction to statin - ANSWER- alternative statin or lower dose may help glucose enters blood stream from the ______ and travels to - ANSWER- GI tract; all cells of the body when glucose levels in the blood stream rise, the pancreas releases ______ - ANSWER- insulin insulin - ANSWER- A protein hormone secreted by the pancreas that is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates and the regulation of glucose levels in the blood. elevated serum glucose stimulate insulin _______ and ______ - ANSWER- synthesis and secretion once insulin is secreted into circulation, it binds to ______ which facilatates _______ and lowers _______ - ANSWER- cell surface receptors; glucose uptake from the blood into the cell for use as energy source; blood glucose if the pancreas loses its ability to maintain high levels of insulin production, that leads to - ANSWER- insulin deficiency and further rises in blood glucose levels type 1 diabetes - ANSWER- complete or nearly complete insulin deficiency as a result of autoimmune B cell destruction in the pancreas T1DM - as b cell mass in pancreas declines, - ANSWER- so does the amount of insulin produced type 2 diabetes - ANSWER- resistance to the circulating insulin available, a gradual impairment of secretion of insulin, and excess glucose production by the liver T2DM - ANSWER- -peripheral insulin resistance -b cells compensate by increasing insulin production to maintain normal glucose levels -b cells get overwhelmed and impaired glucose tolerance occurs -insulin secretion declines and fasting hyperglycemia develops -if process is not reversed, b cell failure will eventually occur HgA1C - ANSWER- average blood glucose over the past 2-3 months (8-12 weeks) bc RBC live for about 3 months Normal A1C level - ANSWER- less than 5.7% fasting plasma glucose (FPG) - ANSWER- measures circulating glucose level in a patient who has fasted at least 8 hours normal FBG - ANSWER- <100 mg/dL OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test) - ANSWER- measure BG after a person has fasted for eight hours and two hours after drinking a liquid containing 75 grams of glucose dissolved in water normal OGTT level - ANSWER- <140 mg/dL DM diagnostic criteria - ANSWER- Fasting glucose >/= 126 on 2 separate occasions 2 hour GTT > 200 HbA1c >/= 6.5 Random PG > 200 in pt with symptoms of hyperglycemia Prediabetes diagnostic criteria - ANSWER- A1C 5.7-6.4% FPG 100-125 OGTT 140-199 screen for DM in adults who are overweight or obese and have one or more of these risk factors - ANSWER- phys inactivity first-degree family member with diabetes high risk race/ethnicity (African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, Pacific Islander) Hx of gestational diabetes or babies >9lbs at birth HTN HDL <35 TG >250 Women with PCOS A1C >=5.7%, IGT/ IFG on previous testing Other clinical conditions associated with insulin resistance - severe obesity, acanthosis nigricans Hx of CVD general goal for glycemic control - ANSWER- A1C <7% metformin side effects - ANSWER- risk of hypoglycemia is neutral risk of GI upset is moderate glyburide, glipizide, glimepiride side effects - ANSWER- risk of hypoglycemia is moderate pioglitazone and rosiglitazone side effects - ANSWER- risk of hypoglycemia is neutral contraindicated in class III-IV HF acarbose, miglitol side effects - ANSWER- risk of hypoglycemia is neutral risk of GI upset is moderate insulin - exogenous - side effects - ANSWER- risk of hypoglycemia is moderate to severe and depends on the type of insulin used/timing of dose relative to meals and physical activity rapid acting insulin drugs - ANSWER- Lispro (Humalog) Aspart (Novolog) Glulisine (Apidra) rapid acting insulin onset - ANSWER- 15 minutes rapid acting insulin peak - ANSWER- 1-2 hours rapid acting insulin duration - ANSWER- 4-6 hours fast acting insulin drugs - ANSWER- human regular insulin -Humulin R -Novolin R onset: 30-60 min intermediate acting insulin drugs - ANSWER- Human PH -Humulin N -Novolin N onset 2-4 hours long acting insulin - ANSWER- Detemir (Levemir) Glargine (Lantus) onset 1-2 hours (peakless) premixed insulin - ANSWER- Humalog 75/25 Novolog 70/30 Humalog (50/50) Humulin 70/30 Novolin 70/30 regular exercise and DM - ANSWER- improved insulin sensitivity