Contents
Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations 4
Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions 32
Chapter 3: Stoichiometry 58
Chapter 4: Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry 97
Chapter 5: Gases 130
Chapter 6: Thermochemistry 170
Chapter 7: Atomic Structure and Periodicity 200
Chapter 8: Bonding: General Concepts 242
Chapter 9: Covalent Bonding: Orbitals 284
Chapter 10: Liquids and Solids 314
Chapter 11: Properties of Solutions 352
Chapter 12: Chemical Kinetics 387
Chapter 13: Chemical Equilibrium 436
Chapter 14: Acids and Bases 465
Chapter 15: Acid-Base Equilibria 505
Chapter 16: Solubility and Complex Ion Equilibria 538
Chapter 17: Spontaneity, Entropy, and Free Energy 566
Chapter 18: Electrochemistry 603
Chapter 19: The Nucleus: A Chemist's View 648
Chapter 20: The Representative Elements 675
Chapter 21: Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry 713
Chapter 22: Organic and Biological Molecules 752
,Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations
1. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
A) The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
B) Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2.
C) The liquid in beaker A is blue.
D) The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
E) At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
2. A quantitative observation
A) contains a number and a unit
B) does not contain a number
C) always makes a comparison
D) must be obtained through experimentation
E) is none of these
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
3. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
4. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those
materials” is called a(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
5. A chemical theory that has been known for a long time becomes a law.
, ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
6. Which of the following metric relationships is incorrect?
A) 1 microliter = 10–6 liters
B) 1 gram = 103 kilograms
C) 103 milliliters = 1 liter
D) 1 gram = 102 centigrams
E) 10 decimeters = 1 meter
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Quantitative
7. For which pair is the SI prefix not matched correctly with its meaning?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
8. A metric unit for length is
A) gram
B) milliliter
C) yard
D) kilometer
E) pound
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
MSC: Conceptual
9. Which of the following is not a unit in the SI system?
A) ampere
B) candela
C) Kelvin
D) meter
E) calorie
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
MSC: Conceptual
10. Order the four metric prefixes from smallest to largest.
, A) nano- < milli- < centi- < kilo-
B) milli- < nano- < centi- < kilo-
C) kilo- < centi- < nano- < milli-
D) kilo- < centi- < milli- < nano-
E) centi- < nano- < kilo- < milli-
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
11. 8.1 kilogram(s) contains this many grams.
A) 8.1 10 2
B) 8.1 10 3
C) 81
D) 0.81
E) 8.1 10 3
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | mass
MSC: Conceptual
12. Convert 0.3980 m to mm.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
13. 6.1 seconds contain this many picoseconds.
A) 6.1 10 12
B) 6.1 10 12
C) 6.1 10 9
D) 6.1 10 9
E) 6.1 10 15
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
14. 9.49 seconds contain this many nanoseconds.
A) 9.49 10 7
B) 9.49 10 9
C) 9.49 10 12
D) 9.49 10 10
E) 9.49 10 8
Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations 4
Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions 32
Chapter 3: Stoichiometry 58
Chapter 4: Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry 97
Chapter 5: Gases 130
Chapter 6: Thermochemistry 170
Chapter 7: Atomic Structure and Periodicity 200
Chapter 8: Bonding: General Concepts 242
Chapter 9: Covalent Bonding: Orbitals 284
Chapter 10: Liquids and Solids 314
Chapter 11: Properties of Solutions 352
Chapter 12: Chemical Kinetics 387
Chapter 13: Chemical Equilibrium 436
Chapter 14: Acids and Bases 465
Chapter 15: Acid-Base Equilibria 505
Chapter 16: Solubility and Complex Ion Equilibria 538
Chapter 17: Spontaneity, Entropy, and Free Energy 566
Chapter 18: Electrochemistry 603
Chapter 19: The Nucleus: A Chemist's View 648
Chapter 20: The Representative Elements 675
Chapter 21: Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry 713
Chapter 22: Organic and Biological Molecules 752
,Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations
1. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
A) The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
B) Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2.
C) The liquid in beaker A is blue.
D) The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
E) At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
2. A quantitative observation
A) contains a number and a unit
B) does not contain a number
C) always makes a comparison
D) must be obtained through experimentation
E) is none of these
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
3. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
4. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those
materials” is called a(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
5. A chemical theory that has been known for a long time becomes a law.
, ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
6. Which of the following metric relationships is incorrect?
A) 1 microliter = 10–6 liters
B) 1 gram = 103 kilograms
C) 103 milliliters = 1 liter
D) 1 gram = 102 centigrams
E) 10 decimeters = 1 meter
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Quantitative
7. For which pair is the SI prefix not matched correctly with its meaning?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
8. A metric unit for length is
A) gram
B) milliliter
C) yard
D) kilometer
E) pound
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
MSC: Conceptual
9. Which of the following is not a unit in the SI system?
A) ampere
B) candela
C) Kelvin
D) meter
E) calorie
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
MSC: Conceptual
10. Order the four metric prefixes from smallest to largest.
, A) nano- < milli- < centi- < kilo-
B) milli- < nano- < centi- < kilo-
C) kilo- < centi- < nano- < milli-
D) kilo- < centi- < milli- < nano-
E) centi- < nano- < kilo- < milli-
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
11. 8.1 kilogram(s) contains this many grams.
A) 8.1 10 2
B) 8.1 10 3
C) 81
D) 0.81
E) 8.1 10 3
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | mass
MSC: Conceptual
12. Convert 0.3980 m to mm.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
13. 6.1 seconds contain this many picoseconds.
A) 6.1 10 12
B) 6.1 10 12
C) 6.1 10 9
D) 6.1 10 9
E) 6.1 10 15
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
14. 9.49 seconds contain this many nanoseconds.
A) 9.49 10 7
B) 9.49 10 9
C) 9.49 10 12
D) 9.49 10 10
E) 9.49 10 8
