Test Bank for Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care 12th Edition Kacmarek All Chapters 2023/2024

Test Bank for Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care 12th Edition Kacmarek/ Chapter 01 - History of Respiratory Care Kacmarek et al.: Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care, MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is an expected role of a respiratory therapist? 1. Promoting lung health and wellness 2. Providing patient education 3. Assessing the patient’s cardiopulmonary health status 4. Selling oxygen (O a. 1 only b. 1 and 4 only c. 1, 2, and 3 only d. 1, 2, 3, and 4 ANS: C 2 ) therapy devices to patients Respiratory care includes the assessment, treatment, management, control, diagnostic evaluation, education, and care of patients with deficiencies and abnormalities of the cardiopulmonary system. Respiratory care is increasingly involved in the prevention of respiratory disease, the management of patients with chronic disease, and promotion of health and wellness. DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1 2. Where are the majority of respiratory therapists employed? a. Skilled nursing facilities b. Diagnostic laboratories c. Hospitals or acute care settings d. Outpatient physician offices ANS: C Approximately 75% of all respiratory therapists work in hospitals or other acute care settings. DIF: Recall REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1 3. Who is considered to be the “father of medicine”? a. Hippocrates b. Galen c. Erasistratus d. Aristotle ANS: A The foundation of modern Western medicine was laid in ancient Greece with the development of the Hippocratic Corpus. This collection of ancient medical writings is attributed to the “father of medicine,” Hippocrates, a Greek physician who lived during the fifth and fourth centuries BC. DIF: Recall REF: pp. 3-4 OBJ: 2 4. In 1662, a chemist published a book that described the relationship between gas, volume, and pressure. What was the chemist’s name? a. Sir Isaac Newton b. Robert Boyle c. Anthony van Leeuwenhoek d. Nicolaus Copernicus ANS: B The chemist, Robert Boyle, published what is now known as “Boyle’s law,” governing the relationship between gas, volume, and pressure. DIF: Recall REF: p. 6 OBJ: 2 5. Who discovered O a. Robert Boyle b. Jacque Charles c. Thomas Beddoes d. Joseph Priestley ANS: D 2 in 1774 and described it as “dephlogisticated air”? In 1774, Joseph Priestley described his discovery of O , which he called “dephlogisticated air.” DIF: Recall REF: pp. 6-7 OBJ: 2 2 6. Who is credited with first describing the law of partial pressures for a gas mixture? a. John Dalton b. Joseph Prestley c. Jacque Charles d. Thomas Young ANS: A John Dalton described his law of partial pressures for a gas mixture in 1801 and his atomic theory in 1808. DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 2 7. Who was the first scientist in 1865 to suggest that microorganisms caused many diseases? a. Thomas Young b. Louis Pasteur c. Henry Graham d. Robert Koch ANS: B In 1865, Louis Pasteur advanced his “germ theory” of disease, which held that many diseases are caused by microorganisms. DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 2 8. Who discovered the x-ray and opened the door for the modern field of radiology? a. John Dalton b. William Smith c. William Roentgen d. Thomas Young ANS: C In 1895, William Roentgen discovered the x-ray and the modern field of radiologic imaging sciences was born. DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 2 9. What was the primary duty of the first inhalation therapists? a. Provide airway care. b. Support O 2 therapy. c. Aerosol therapy to patients. d. Maintain patients on mechanical ventilation. ANS: B The first inhalation therapists were really just O DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 3 2 technicians. 10. When did the designation “respiratory therapist” become standard? a. 1954 b. 1964 c. 1974 d. 1984 ANS: C In 1974, the designation “respiratory therapist” became standard. DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 3 11. Who was the first to develop the large-scale production of O a. Robert Dalton b. David Boyle c. Thomas Anderson d. Karl von Linde ANS: D Large-scale production of O 2 2 in 1907? was developed by Karl von Linde in 1907. DIF: Recall REF: p. 7 OBJ: 4 12. When was the first Venti-mask introduced that allows the precise delivery of 24%, 28%, 35%, and 40% O a. 1945 b. 1954 c. 1960 d. 1972 ANS: C 2 ? The Campbell Venti-mask, which allowed the administration of 24%, 28%, 35%, or 40% O , was introduced in 1960. 2 DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4 13. When were aerosolized glucocorticoids for the maintenance of patients with moderate to severe asthma first introduced? a. In the 1950s b. In the 1960s c. In the 1970s d. In the 1980s ANS: C The use of aerosolized glucocorticoids for the maintenance of patients with moderate to severe asthma began in the 1970s. DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4 14. Which of the following medications has never been delivered as an aerosol by a respiratory therapist? a. Inotropes b. Anticholinergic c. Mucolytic d. Antibiotic ANS: A There has been a proliferation of medications designed for aerosol administration, including bronchodilators, mucolytic, antibiotic, anticholinergic, and antiinflammatory agents. DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4 15. Which two names are linked to the development of the iron lung, which was extensively used to treat the polio epidemic in the 1950s? a. Allison and Smyth b. Drinker and Emerson c. Drager and Bennett d. Byrd and Tyler ANS: B The iron lung was developed by Drinker, an engineer at Harvard University. Jack H. Emerson developed a commercial version of the iron lung that was used extensively during the polio epidemics of the 1930s and 1950s. DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 5 16. Which of the following was one of the first positive-pressure ventilators developed? a. MA-1 b. Bird Mark 7 c. Dräger Pulmotor d. Engstrom ANS: C Early positive-pressure ventilators included the Dräger Pulmotor (1911), the Spiropulsator (1934), the Bennett TV-2P (1948), the Morch Piston Ventilator (1952), and the Bird Mark 7 (1958). DIF: Recall REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4 17. When was positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) first introduced to treat patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome? a. 1935 b. 1946 c. 1958 d. 1967 ANS: D Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) was introduced for use in patients with ARDS in 1967. DIF: Recall REF: p. 9 OBJ: 4 18. When was synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) first introduced? a. 1975 b. 1985 c. 1995 d. 2005 ANS: A SIMV was introduced in 1975. DIF: Recall REF: p. 9 OBJ: 4 19. Who introduced the first laryngoscope, in 1913? a. Thomas Allen b. Chevalier Jackson c. Jack Emerson d. Forrest Bird ANS: B In 1913, the laryngoscope was introduced by Chevalier Jackson. DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 5 20. Who introduced the use of soft rubber endotracheal tubes around 1930? a. Davidson b. McGill c. Haight d. Murphy ANS: B Ivan McGill introduced the use of soft rubber endotracheal tubes. DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 5 21. In 1846, who developed a water seal spirometer, which allowed accurate measurement of the patient’s vital capacity? a. Hutchinson b. Strohl c. Tiffeneau d. Davis ANS: A In 1846, John Hutchinson developed a water seal spirometer, with which he measured the vital capacity. DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 5 22. What was the name of the first professional organization for the field of respiratory care? a. American Association for Inhalation Therapy b. National Organization for Inhalation Therapy c. Inhalation Therapy Association d. Better Breathers Organization ANS: C Founded in 1947 in Chicago, the Inhalational Therapy Association (ITA) was the first professional association for the field of respiratory care. DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 7 23. In which year did the respiratory care professional organization American Association for Respiratory Therapy (ARRT) change its name to American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC)? a. 1954 b. 1966 c. 1975 d. 1982 ANS: D The ITA became the American Association for Inhalation Therapists (AAIT) in 1954, the American Association for Respiratory Therapy (ARRT) in 1973, and the AARC in 1982. DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 7 24. What organization has developed an examination to enable respiratory therapists to become licensed? a. American Respiratory Care Board b. National Board for Respiratory Care c. American Association for Respiratory Care d. National Organization for Respiratory Therapist ANS: B During the 1980s, the AARC began a major push to introduce state licensure for respiratory care practitioners based on the National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC) credentials. DIF: Recall REF: p. 10 OBJ: 6 25. Today, respiratory care educational programs in the United States are accredited by what organization? a. National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC)