NUTRITION MIDTERM HUN1201 EXAM IRSC |90 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Updated & Verified 2023 .

HUN1201 Midterm [CH 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,&15] (IRSC) 1. Differentiate among the RDA the AI the UL and the EAR.: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) serves as an intake goal that meets the requirement of most healthy people of a given age and gender; RDAs have been set for carbohydrates protein essential fatty acids and most vitamins and minerals. The Adequate Intake (AI) provides a suggested daily intake of a nutrient to meet body needs and support health when there is insufficient research to develop an RDA. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the highest amount of a nutrient that can be consumed safely with no risk of toxicity or adverse effects. The UL is used to evaluate the safety of supplements. The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the average daily intake of a nutrient that will meet the requirement of 50% of healthy people of a given age and gender. The EAR is used to evaluate the nutrient intakes of groups rather than individuals 2. These are the building blocks for making and repairing body tissues.: Amino acids 3. What chemicals found in fruits and vegetables appear to have cancer-fighting properties: Phytochemicals 4. What is nutrigenetics?: Nutrigenetics through human gene mapping helps sci- entists learn how slight variations in our genetic code affect our nutrient needs and susceptibility to particular diseases. 5. What is homeostasis?: Homeostasis is a state of dynamic equilibrium within the body's internal environment—a balance achieved through the control of various interrelated physiologic mechanisms. 6. What are the functions of macronutrients?: The macronutrients—carbohydrates fats and protein—supply energy and build tissue. 7. What are the three general functions of nutrients?: To provide energy To build and repair body tissues and structures To regulate the metabolic processes that maintain homeostasis and support life 8. Which groups of people are particularly vulnerable to foodborne illness?: - Older adults children (especially under the age of 5) pregnant women and patients with compromised immune function (e.g. due to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS] or cancer) 9. Name the four secretions that chemically digest food.: Enzymes Hydrochloric acid and buffer ions Mucus Water and electrolytes 10. What are foods broken down into through digestion?: Glucose (from carbohydrates) amino acids (from proteins) and fatty acids (from fats) 11. What are prebiotics?: Prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates mostly polysaccharides that promote the growth of favorable microbes: lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.