REHS KENTUCKY STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS|2023/24 UPDATE|GRADED A+

What is the most plentiful form of available water? Groundwater What are Waterborne Diseases? Results from ingestion of water that is harboring a pathogen example: Typhoid fever. What are Water-washed Diseases? Spread by fecal-oral route or person to person contact. Facilitated by lack of personal hygiene. What are Water-based Diseases? Caused by infection arising through ingestion of pathogenic agent Example: guinea worm larvae, Termatode larvae. What are Water-related Diseases? Facilitated by insects vector that breed in water: example filariastus abthropods that carry Dengue fever. What are Inhalation of contaminated water aerosols? Legionella Pneumophila What is the ecologic agent of cyclosporiasis? Cyclospora Cayetanensis What food is associated with cyclosporiasis? Imported Raspberries, Lettuce form South America Most waterborne disease fatalities occurred before 1940 and were attributed to the waterborne illness? Typhoid Fever Waters suitable for drinking water supplies and shellfish rearing are monitored routinely for? Microbiological Quality Only what % of the global content of water constitutes fresh water? 2.6 or 3 Percent What is a waterborne disease that can be prevented through vaccinations is ? Typhoid Fever or Cholera The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that ______% of all diseases are attributable to inadequate water or sanitation 80 Percent Viral infections readily spread through drinking water, food and water-contact recreation activities due to what? The low infectious dose for pathogenic viruses and protoza. Shigellosis: A bacteria What is the specific agent for shingellosis? Genus shingella Example: flexneri, sonnei, boydlii, and dysenteriae What is the Reservoir for shingellosis? Feces of carriers and infected persons What are the symptoms of shingellosis? Acute onset with diarrhea, fever, tenesmus, frequent stools containing blood and mucus. What is the incubation for shingellosis? 1-7 days, usually less than 4 days Botulism Bacterial toxin What is the specific agent for botulism? Clostridium botulinum and c para botulinum that produce toxins What is the reservoir for botulism? Soil, dust, fruits, veggies, food, mud, fish, animals and human feces. What are the symptoms of botulism? GI pain, diarrhea or constipation, prostration, difficulty swallowing, double vision, difficulty in respiration. What is the incubation period of botulism? 2 hours to 8 days, usually 12-36 hours Bacillus Cereus Food poisioning (Emetic Type) Emetic= vomiting bacterial toxins