WGU Care of the Older Adult - C475 Adult DPV1, Exam Questions and answers, rated A+

WGU Care of the Older Adult - C475 Adult DPV1, Exam Questions and answers, rated A+ Baby Boomers - -are aging adults born from . They will reach retirement starting around . Geriatrician - -a physician, board certified in geriatrics, who specializes in the care of the elderly Geriatrics - -The branch of medicine concerned with the problems of aging Gerontology - -Study of aging; broad category that includes several areas (sociology of aging, psychology, economics of aging Ageism - -Prejudice towards elderly Alzheimer's - -betaamyloid plaques and neurofibrillary plaques Age - -Old Old= 85+ years Older Adult= 65 years of age or older Types of Care Facilities - -Acute Care Hospital (ACH) - point of entry into the health care system for older adults. Acute Rehabilitation (Rehab)- may be found in several settings. Uses the interdisciplinary team of nurses, therapists, and physicians. Goal is to maximize independence, promote maximal function, prevent complications, and promote quality of life within each person's strengths and limitations. Level of intensity depends on setting and patient. Home Health Care- For independent living home-bound adults who require a longer period of observation or care from nurses. Can include PT/OT, & speech therapy. Hospice- holistic, interdisciplinary care that helps the dying person "live until they die." Includes palliative care and pain management and comfort care. Long-term Care Facility (a.k.a. nursing home)- provides 24 hr support care to any age who have lost some or all their capacity for self-care due to illness, disability, or dementia Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNFs)- subacute or transitional care are for those patients requiring more intensive nursing care than provided in Long-term care. Alzheimer's Care- dedicated specifically for Alzheimer and Dementia care. Respite Care- provides time off for family members who are caretakers. Care can be at adult daycare center, in the home, or in an assisted living facility or LTC Continuing care retirement community (CCRC)- group care in independent living to assisted living, LTC, or skilled Assisted Living- alternative who do not feel safe living alone, who wish to live in a community setting, or who need some additional help with ADLs. They each have their own apartment or room. Foster care/Group Homes- adults who can do most ADLs but have safety issues and require supervision with some activities. Green House Concept- new concept of a home environment with 8-10 residents in private rooms with open kitchen and still receive assistance. Adult Day Care- Adult day services are community based group programs designed to meet the needs of functionally and/or cognitively impaired adults through and individual plan of care. Less than 24 hour care. five racial groups - -Caucasian/non-Hispanic whites/European Americans African American Hispanic Asians and Pacific Islanders American Indians and Alaskan Natives Maslows Psychological Theories of Aging - -Physiological Safety & Security Love & Belonging Selft-esteem Self-actualization Dysarthria - -is disturbed articulation caused by disturbance in the control of the speech muscles. This disturbance is caused by brain lesions in motor areas in the central nervous system or the brain stem or disruption in the coordination of information from the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and motor neurons. Dysarthria-related lesions can be caused by stroke, brain tumor, degenerative diseases, metabolic diseases, or toxins. The location of the brain lesion determines the nature of the disturbance, which can manifest in many ways, with the most severe form being anarthria (complete inability to move the articulators for speech). People with dysarthria may present with slurred speech, breathiness, slow or rapid rate of speech, limited mouth or facial movement, monotonous voice, or weak articulation. A person who has dysarthria may be able to read, write, and gesture normally and comprehension may remain intact Aphasia - -is the most common language disorder in the elderly and occurs in up to a third of the patients in an acute phase following stroke. Aphasia is an inability to express or understand the meaning of words due to damage in the language areas. Damage is most frequently due to stroke in the left hemisphere, but can be due to brain tumor, trauma, infection, dementia, or surgery. In addition to spoken language, writing, reading, and the ability to gesture also may be impaired Changes of aging that could affect therapeutic communication - -Visual communication- position objects within their visual field. This includes positioning yourself within their visual field when speaking with the person. This helps the person to locate the object of conversation and to orient him or her to the topic of conversation. When assisting elders with their care needs, it may be useful to give them a verbal indication of the actions you are about to impart, so as to avoid startling or scaring them needlessly. It may be necessary to assist the person in labeling objects or to simplify what is in their visual field. Hearing communication- Do not shout. Project voice from the diaphragm (deepens tone). Make use of the person's other unipaired senses. Stand in front of them if they can lip read. Speak into the good ear. Make sure the hearing aid is turned on. Use gestures or objects to assist communication. Limit background noise. Allow adequate time for a response. Use short sentences and speak clearly. Enunciate words. Write things out. Speech Communication-individuals with speech or language difficulties might be more anxious or self-aware. Limit distractions, make eye contact, position yourself in front of the person. Use facial or body language. Use written communication. Use short complete sentences. Summarize message for accuracy. Take your time. Satir's Basic principles for Communication - -invite, arrange, environment, maximize communication, maximize understanding, and follow through