VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(AUTONOMOUS)
Shamshabad – 501 218, Hyderabad
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
C
PROGRAMMING
C PROGRAMMING Page 1
,UNIT I
Computer systems:
A Computer is an electronic device which performs operations such as accepts data
As an input, store the data, manipulate or process the data and produce the results an output.
Main task performed by a computer
• Accept the data
• Process or manipulate the data
• Display or store the result in the form of human understanding
• Store the data, instructions and results.
A computer system consists of hardware and software.
Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that comprise a computer system.
Computer software is a collection of computer programs and related data that provides the
instructions for a computer what to do and how to do it. Software refers to one or more computer
programs and data held in the storage of the computer for some purpose
C PROGRAMMING Page 2
,Basically computer software is of three main types
System Software: System software is responsible for managing a variety of
independent hardware components, so that they can work together. Its purpose is
to unburden the application software programmer from the often complex details of
the particular computer being used, including such accessories as communications
devices, printers, device readers, displays and keyboards, and also to partition the
computer's resources such as memory and processor time in a safe and stable
manner.
• Device drivers
• Operating systems
• Servers
• Utilities
• Window systems
Programming Software: Programming Software usually provides tools to assist a
programmer in writing computer programs, and software using different
programming languages in a more convenient way. The tools include:
• Compilers
• Debuggers
• Interpreters
• Linkers
• Text editors
Application Software: Application software is developed to aid in any task that
benefits from computation. It is a broad category, and encompasses Software of
many kinds, including the internet browser being used to display this page. This
category includes:
• Business software
• Computer aided design
• Databases
• Decision making software
• Educational software
• Image editing
Computing Environment:
Computing Environment is a collection of computers / machines, software, and networks that
support the processing and exchange of electronic information meant to support various types of
computing solutions.
Types of Computing Environments:
Personal Computing Environment
C PROGRAMMING Page 3
, Client Server Environment
Time sharing Environment
Distributed Environment
Personal Computing Environment:
All of the computer hardware components are tied together in our personal
computer. A personal computer (PC) is a computer whose original sales price,
size, and capabilities make it useful for individuals, and intended to be operated
directly by an end user, with no intervening computer operator. People generally
relate this term with Microsoft‟s Windows Operating system. Personal computers
generally run on Windows, Mac or some version of Linux operating system.
Desktop: Desktop computer is just another version of Personal Computer intended
for regular use from a single use. A computer that can be fit on a desk can also be
called as desktop.
Time-Sharing Environment:
In the time-sharing environment, all computing must be done by the central computer. The
central computer the shared resources, it manage the shared data and printing. Employees in
large companies often work in what is known as time sharing environment. In the time sharing
environment, many users are connected to one or more computers. These computers may be mini
computers and central mainframes. In this environment the output devices, auxiliary storage
devices are shared by all the users.
C PROGRAMMING Page 4
(AUTONOMOUS)
Shamshabad – 501 218, Hyderabad
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
C
PROGRAMMING
C PROGRAMMING Page 1
,UNIT I
Computer systems:
A Computer is an electronic device which performs operations such as accepts data
As an input, store the data, manipulate or process the data and produce the results an output.
Main task performed by a computer
• Accept the data
• Process or manipulate the data
• Display or store the result in the form of human understanding
• Store the data, instructions and results.
A computer system consists of hardware and software.
Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that comprise a computer system.
Computer software is a collection of computer programs and related data that provides the
instructions for a computer what to do and how to do it. Software refers to one or more computer
programs and data held in the storage of the computer for some purpose
C PROGRAMMING Page 2
,Basically computer software is of three main types
System Software: System software is responsible for managing a variety of
independent hardware components, so that they can work together. Its purpose is
to unburden the application software programmer from the often complex details of
the particular computer being used, including such accessories as communications
devices, printers, device readers, displays and keyboards, and also to partition the
computer's resources such as memory and processor time in a safe and stable
manner.
• Device drivers
• Operating systems
• Servers
• Utilities
• Window systems
Programming Software: Programming Software usually provides tools to assist a
programmer in writing computer programs, and software using different
programming languages in a more convenient way. The tools include:
• Compilers
• Debuggers
• Interpreters
• Linkers
• Text editors
Application Software: Application software is developed to aid in any task that
benefits from computation. It is a broad category, and encompasses Software of
many kinds, including the internet browser being used to display this page. This
category includes:
• Business software
• Computer aided design
• Databases
• Decision making software
• Educational software
• Image editing
Computing Environment:
Computing Environment is a collection of computers / machines, software, and networks that
support the processing and exchange of electronic information meant to support various types of
computing solutions.
Types of Computing Environments:
Personal Computing Environment
C PROGRAMMING Page 3
, Client Server Environment
Time sharing Environment
Distributed Environment
Personal Computing Environment:
All of the computer hardware components are tied together in our personal
computer. A personal computer (PC) is a computer whose original sales price,
size, and capabilities make it useful for individuals, and intended to be operated
directly by an end user, with no intervening computer operator. People generally
relate this term with Microsoft‟s Windows Operating system. Personal computers
generally run on Windows, Mac or some version of Linux operating system.
Desktop: Desktop computer is just another version of Personal Computer intended
for regular use from a single use. A computer that can be fit on a desk can also be
called as desktop.
Time-Sharing Environment:
In the time-sharing environment, all computing must be done by the central computer. The
central computer the shared resources, it manage the shared data and printing. Employees in
large companies often work in what is known as time sharing environment. In the time sharing
environment, many users are connected to one or more computers. These computers may be mini
computers and central mainframes. In this environment the output devices, auxiliary storage
devices are shared by all the users.
C PROGRAMMING Page 4
