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Samenvatting Metabolisme - Overzicht synthese van andere moleculen uit AZ (10.8)

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Overzicht synthese van andere moleculen uit AZ (10.8)

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Uploaded on
July 16, 2023
Number of pages
4
Written in
2021/2022
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1. SYNTHESE VAN TYRAMINE UIT TYROSINE

▪ Biogeen amine
▪ Decarboxylatie
▪ Eigenschappen
o De basis voor de biosynthese van catecholamines
o Bevordert vrijstelling van noradrenaline en adrenaline → sympathicomimeticum (hartkloppingen…)
o Kan hoofdpijn en migraine uitlokken
o Kan de oorzaak zijn van een voedingsallergie
▪ In voeding
o Door afbraak van tyrosine tijdens fermentatie of bederf
o Gerijpte kaassoorten, rode wijn, chocolade, zuurkool, sojabereidingen, sommige charcuterie
▪ Snel afgebroken door monamine-oxidase (MAO) ~ normaal geen effect!
▪ MAO-A-remmers
o Behandeling van depressie
o “Kaassyndroom”
o Nieuwe selectieve en reversibele MAO-remmers hebben een verminderd risico

2. SYNTHESE VAN HISTAMINE UIT HISTIDINE




▪ Tri-amine
▪ Decarboxylatie door histidine decarboxylase (pyridoxalfosfaat (PLP) nodig)
▪ Eigenschappen
o Rol in maagdarmkanaal
o Neurotransmitter in het centraal zenuwstelsel Bepaalde antihistaminica
▪ Reguleert ook slaap ter hoogte van de hersenen zijn slaapverwekkend
o Afweersysteem
▪ Opgeslagen in blaasjes in mestcellen → vrijgesteld bij allergische reactie
▪ In voeding
o Eiwitrijke, dierlijke voedingsmiddelen (zoals vis)
o Levensmiddelen verkregen door microbiële en biochemische processen, zoals bepaalde kaassoorten, ham,
worst, zuurkool en bepaalde gistextracten
o Wordt niet afgebroken tijdens het koken

3. SYNTHESE VAN ETHANOLAMINE & CHOLINE UIT SERINE

▪ Biologisch amine
▪ Decarboxylatie (ethanolamine) &
methylering (choline)
▪ Eigenschappen
o Verwerkt in fosfolipiden
o Voorloper van neurotransmitter acetylcholine



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