ABRET Normal Variants, Normal/Abnormal Adult EEG Questions and Answers Rated A+

ABRET Normal Variants, Normal/Abnormal Adult EEG Questions and Answers Rated A+ What environmental factors enhance lambda? a. low illumination visual scene b. noxious stimuli c. loud sounds d. scanning high complexity visual scene scanning high complexity visual scene What is the electrical abnormality associated with breach rhythm? a. a focal high voltage electrical generator in the cortex b. a focal low impedance swelling of the scalp c. a focal high impedance pathway through the skull d. a focal low impedance pathway through the skull a focal low impedance pathway through the skull Bancauds phenomenon, alpha squeak, and paradoxal alpha all have to do with: a. a reaction of the background b. an abnormality of the background c. nonresponsiveness of the alpha rhythm d. drowsy effect on the alpha rhythm a reaction of the background What normal activity would be seen most prominently at the C3 or C4 electrode position? a. alpha b. mu c. POSTS d. FIRDA mu Rare 6-11 Hz negative sharp arciform waves, most commonly seen in adults over 30 years in the mid-temporal regions a. RMTD b. mu c. wickets d. midline theta rhythm wickets Which pattern is most likely to be seen during prolonged recordings of a normal awake 30 year old? a. OIRDA b. lambda c. SREDA d. FIRDA lambda Lambda waves are a. evoked by eye movement b. best seen just before falling asleep c. usually negative in bipolar derivations d. precursors of POSTS evoked by eye movement Posterior dominant rhythm (PDR) or alpha rhythm should not be calculated immediately upon eye closure because of what normal variant? a. Posterior slow waves of youth b. slow alpha variant c. alpha squeak d. clenoids alpha squeak What do mittens, midline rhythmic theta, and trace aternans have in common? a. they all appear exclusively from wakefulness b. they are all markers of neonatal immaturity c. they are all consistent with encephalopathy d. they are all normal waveforms they are all normal waveforms Which normal waveform is not typically seen in the posterior leads? a. lambda b. POSTS c. photic driving d. wickets wickets (they are rare variant found in midtemporal regions) Mu rhythm a. C3/C4 b. T5/T6 c. O1/O2 d. P3/P4 C3/C4 An uncommon, but normal variant seen in adults 50 and older that may be mistaken for epileptiform activity a. SIRPIDs b. ciganek rhythm c. SREDA d. BETS SREDA (subclinical rhythmic EEG discharges of adults) Mu rhythm and alpha rhythm differ from each other in all of the following respects EXCEPT: a. frequency b. form c. topography d. incidence frequency (they have the same frequency) EEG with a very tense and anxious patient shows a. burst of rhythmic slow over posterior regions b. unusually high amplitude alpha c. unusually widespread alpha d. widespread low voltage activity widespread low voltage actvity What is most important when evaluating the background activity? a. record with patient's eyes open b. ensure the patient is sleep deprived c. record the maximal state of alertness d. have the patient hyperventilate record the maximal state of alertness Which of the following should not be seen in the normal awake adult? a. no alpha background b. 14 Hz c. delta d. wicket spikes delta Which would be of concern in the EEG of a 65 year old patient? a. no alpha background b. no EEG change during HV c. fronto-central beta d. 7 Hz background 7 Hz background (too slow for a background rhythm) Normal EEG in adults of age 70 or older is similar to those younger with the following exception: a. beta is rarely seen b. alpha becomes more reactive c. slow waves are less prominent d. REM sleep is less than 20% of total sleep time REM sleep is less than 20% of total sleep time Which of the following represents an abnormal EEG pattern? a. alpha aqueak b. alpha frequency of 9 Hz in O1 and 11.5 Hz in O2 c. well formed posterior dominant rhythm of 17 Hz d. alpha voltage amplitude of 20uV in O1 and 28uV in O2 alpha frequency of 9 Hz in O1 and 11.5 Hz in O2 (amplitude asymmetry is only abnormal if there is over a 50% difference) Which of the following is abnormal? a. asymmetric attenuation of the alpha activity b. asymmetric mu rhythm c. asymmetric lambda waves d. asymmetric POSTS asymmetric attenuation of the alpha activity What is the value of recording a patient's maximal awake state? a. to identify background frequencies b. to evaluate reactivity of the background c. to distinguish slowing from drowsiness d. all are correct to distinguish slowing from drowsiness When the posterior background rhythm does not attenuate with eye opening it is referred to as: a. Uhthoff's phenomenon b. Bancaud phenomenon c. Dejerine phenomenon d. Tullio phenomenon Bancaud phenomenon An abnormal EEG finding in an awake 55 year old patient would be a. posterior delta rhythm of 8.5 Hz b. FIRDA during hyperventilation c. temporal theta d. delta activity delta activity What would you expect to see in the frontal regions of a normal adult? a. low voltage slow activity and high voltage eye movement artifact b. low voltage fast activity and eye movement artifact c. high amplitude fast activity and eye movement d. high amplitude delta activity low voltage fast activity and eye movement artifact The prevalent activity seen in this adult EEG recording is indicative of: a. intractable epilepsy b. slow wave sleep c. sleep apnea d. encephalopathy encephalopathy