Elementary Education K-6 FTCE

Elementary Education K-6 FTCE Alliteration the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words. Analogy a comparison between things that are alike in some ways Antonyms words that have opposite meanings Argument A statement put forth and supported by evidence Automaticity accurate, speedy word recognition; is necessary, but not sufficient, for fluency development. Blending Mixing sounds in words smoothly while reading. Buddy Reading Students of different grade levels reading the same text together. Chunking Breaking words into smaller units Clerihew a witty satiric verse containing two rhymed couplets and mentioning a person. Climax Most exciting moment of the story; turning point. Comprehension The ability to understand what you have read, seen, or heard. Concepts of Print Examples of letters, words, directionality, punctuation. Consonant Blend Two or more consecutive consonants which retain their individual sounds. Creative Writing Writing that uses the writer's imagination. Decode To sound out words; segmenting and blending phonemes. Descriptive Writing Writing that paints a picture of a person, place, thing, or idea. Digraph Two consonant letters used together to create a sound unlike their individual sounds. Diamante A poem with seven lines in a diamond shape. Emergent Literacy Earliest phase of literacy development. Encode The process of changing oral language into writing. Evaluation A judgment of the significance, worth, or value of a student's work. Expository Writing Writing that explains, informs, or presents information. Fable A brief story that leads to a moral, often using animals as characters. Figurative Language Language that uses figures of speech, especially metaphors. Fluency In reading, the ability read quickly, accurately, and with proper expression. Genre A set of principles or conditions and styles within a particular media. Haiku A japanese form of poetry, consisting of three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables. High-Frequency Words Words that appear most frequently in the printed text children read. Hyperbole An obvious exaggeration. Idiom An expression that can't be understood by the literal meaning. Ex. "My heart is beating out of my chest." Informative Writing Writing that informs the reader in an attempt to create a new found knowledge. Interactive Writing Children and teachers create a written work together. Irony Using words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. Legend A story passed down through many generations that is believed to be based on real people and events. Limerick a humorous, rhyming, five-line poem with a specific meter and rhyme scheme. Literal Language language that means exactly what it says. Literary Element Essential parts of narratives; setting, character, plot, theme, and style. Literary Language A dialect of language used in literary writing. Literature Circles Small, temporary, and heterogeneous groups of students that gather together to discuss a common book that each of them is reading with the goal of enhancing comprehension. Metonym A word that is used to stand for something else that it has attributes of or is associated with. Ex. "the wagon" being used instead of "sobriety." Metaphor A figure of speech where something is described as though it were something else. Myth A story often describing the adventure of superhuman beings in order to describe a people's customs or beliefs. Narrative Writing Tells a story, fiction or nonfiction, of something that happened. Ex. biography, memior, etc. Nonfiction Writing that tells about real people, places, and events. Ode A lyric poem that expresses strong emotions about life. Onomatopoeia A word that imitates the sound it represents. Opinion/Argument Writing Writing that attempts to convince the reader that a point of view is valid or that the reader should take a specific action. Partner Reading Reading aloud taking turns with a partner who provides word identification help and feedback. Penmanship Refers to the quality or style of one's handwriting. Personification A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes. Phonemic Awareness The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate the individual sounds, phonemes, in oral language. Phonics The relationship between letters and sounds fundamental in beginning reading. Plagiarism Taking credit for someone else's writing or ideas. Prosody Ability to read with appropriate rhythm, intonation, and expression. Pun A humorous play on words. Rate The speed of reading. Readers Theatre Script reading that focuses the reader on fluency, accuracy, rate, and prosody. Simile Comparing two things using like or as. Summarize To restate the main ideas and important details of a text in your own words. Synonym A word that means the same as another word. Syntax Rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.