ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 101- EXAM 1 REVIEW|2023 LATEST UPDATE|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

Least to most complex structural organization chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism Homeostasis a condition of equilibrium in the body's internal environment maintained by a regulatory process Negative feedback disruption of homeostasis causes a chain reaction that brings the body back to normal conditions (ex: body temperature and blood pressure) Positive feedback disruption of homeostasis causes further deviations (ex: labor and blood clots) Anatomical position hands at side, palms facing forward, feet together, and viewing anterior side of the body Supine laying on back Prone laying on stomach Sagittal plane cuts body into left and right sides Mid-sagittal plane cuts body right down the middle Frontal plane splits body into anterior and posterior halves (front and back) Transverse plane splits body into upper and lower halves Anterior/ventral front of the body posterior/dorsal back of body cranial/cephalic brain caudal tailbone superior higher up inferior lower down proximal in reference to the trunk, higher up distal in reference to the trunk, lower down lateral further away medial closer to the center of the body Cranial cavity formed by cranial bones and contains brain 3 major body cavities Cranial, thoracic, and abdominal pelvic cavity Pleural cavity space surrounding the lungs Parricardial cavity space surrounding the heart Mediastunim extends from the sternum to vertebral column and from first rib to the diaphragm (contains heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and large BV) Abdominal cavity contains spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of the large intestine Serous membrane very thin layer of epithelial tissue that is there to secrete a lubrication 4 quadrants of the abdominopelvic region right upper, right lower, left upper, and left lower 9 regions of the abdominopelvic region right and left hypochondriac, right lumbar and left lumbar, right and left inguinal, epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric cephalic head cervical neck Eicosanoids produced by cells in response to injury, disease, or inflammation