NUR 2063, NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Final Exam (Latest) Rasmussen
1. What are the functions of the kidneys?: Regulation of blood pressure; regu- lating blood
osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D
2. What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy?: - dribbling;
difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased stream
3. What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts?: ADH- Anti
Diuretic Hormone
4. What is type 2 diabetes characterized as?: peripheral tissue insulin resis- tance
5. What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease?: Exophthalmos
(bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism
6. What processes occur during fasting?: glucogenesis; glycogenesis
7. What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes?: adipose/
fat
8. What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism?: myxedema, fa- tigue, cold
sensitivity, constipation, weight gain
9. What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism?: Goiter, fatigue, weight loss,
infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain
, 10. What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism?: fatigue, body aches, bone
pain, depression, headaches, memory loss
11. What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism?: numbness, tetany,
parathesis, muscle spasms
12. What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis?: fruity breath, drowsi- ness, nausea,
thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting
13. What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation?: negative feedback loop
14. What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland?: Growth Hormone,
prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and endorphins
15. What is diabetes insipidus?: a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of
ADH which causes excessive water loss
16. clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus: polyuria, nocturia, continuous thirst, and
polydipsia
17. clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome?: Excessive secretion of cortisol causes
redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and pendulous abdomen. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch marks - •
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability to severe psychi- atric
disturbance -
Final Exam (Latest) Rasmussen
1. What are the functions of the kidneys?: Regulation of blood pressure; regu- lating blood
osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D
2. What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy?: - dribbling;
difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased stream
3. What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts?: ADH- Anti
Diuretic Hormone
4. What is type 2 diabetes characterized as?: peripheral tissue insulin resis- tance
5. What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease?: Exophthalmos
(bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism
6. What processes occur during fasting?: glucogenesis; glycogenesis
7. What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes?: adipose/
fat
8. What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism?: myxedema, fa- tigue, cold
sensitivity, constipation, weight gain
9. What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism?: Goiter, fatigue, weight loss,
infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain
, 10. What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism?: fatigue, body aches, bone
pain, depression, headaches, memory loss
11. What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism?: numbness, tetany,
parathesis, muscle spasms
12. What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis?: fruity breath, drowsi- ness, nausea,
thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting
13. What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation?: negative feedback loop
14. What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland?: Growth Hormone,
prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and endorphins
15. What is diabetes insipidus?: a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of
ADH which causes excessive water loss
16. clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus: polyuria, nocturia, continuous thirst, and
polydipsia
17. clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome?: Excessive secretion of cortisol causes
redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and pendulous abdomen. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch marks - •
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability to severe psychi- atric
disturbance -
