,This e-book follows the Cambridge International AS & A Level Biology
(9700) syllabus.
Copyright © 2022 Thasa Ratha
This e-book solely belongs to the rightful buyer and shall not be disseminated
to non-buyers. No part of this e-book shall be reproduced, distributed or
transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording,
or other electronic methods, without the prior written permission of the
author.
, Animal Cell Plant Cell
PLASMODESMATA MIDDLE LAMELLA
1. Nuclear refers to nucleus of a cell or nucleus of an atom.
2. Grana [Stacks of thylakoids embedded in stroma]
3. DNA contains the instructions that controls the activities of the cell
Nucleus contains chromosomes.
Chromosomes contain DNA.
DNA is organised into functional units called genes.
Genes control activities of cell & inheritance, thus nucleus control
cell’s activities
THASA RATHA 1
, SINGLE MEMBRANE NO MEMBRANE
Lysosomes Ribosomes
Golgi apparatus Centrioles
Vacuoles Microtubules
Endoplasmic Reticulum Nucleolus
ABILITY to distinguish between two objects
very close together
Higher the resolution, Greater the detail
LIGHT MICROSCOPE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
Resolution Magnification Resolution Magnification
𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝒏𝒎 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝟎. 𝟓 𝒏𝒎
= 𝛌
𝑒
𝝀 𝒆𝝀
𝑒
Can only see structures greater than Can only see structures larger than
200nm 0.5nm
THASA RATHA 2
(9700) syllabus.
Copyright © 2022 Thasa Ratha
This e-book solely belongs to the rightful buyer and shall not be disseminated
to non-buyers. No part of this e-book shall be reproduced, distributed or
transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording,
or other electronic methods, without the prior written permission of the
author.
, Animal Cell Plant Cell
PLASMODESMATA MIDDLE LAMELLA
1. Nuclear refers to nucleus of a cell or nucleus of an atom.
2. Grana [Stacks of thylakoids embedded in stroma]
3. DNA contains the instructions that controls the activities of the cell
Nucleus contains chromosomes.
Chromosomes contain DNA.
DNA is organised into functional units called genes.
Genes control activities of cell & inheritance, thus nucleus control
cell’s activities
THASA RATHA 1
, SINGLE MEMBRANE NO MEMBRANE
Lysosomes Ribosomes
Golgi apparatus Centrioles
Vacuoles Microtubules
Endoplasmic Reticulum Nucleolus
ABILITY to distinguish between two objects
very close together
Higher the resolution, Greater the detail
LIGHT MICROSCOPE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
Resolution Magnification Resolution Magnification
𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝒏𝒎 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝟎. 𝟓 𝒏𝒎
= 𝛌
𝑒
𝝀 𝒆𝝀
𝑒
Can only see structures greater than Can only see structures larger than
200nm 0.5nm
THASA RATHA 2
