ATLS Written Review Latest 2021 Graded A

ATLS Written Review Latest 2021 Graded A 1. What is the primary goal of treating TBI? How is this done?: preventing secondary brain injury. This is done by maintaining blood pressure and providing adequate profusion. 2. After managing ABCDEs of TBI what MUST be identified if present? How is this done?: mass lesion that requires surgical evacuation is critical! this is done with CT. NOTE: obtaining a CT should not delay patient transfer to trauma center. 3. Which brain lobes do the following hold: 1. anterior fossa: 2. middle fossa: 3. posterior fossa:: 1. anterior fossa: frontal lobes 2. middle fossa: temporal lobes 3. posterior fossa: lower brainstem and cerebellum 4. What are the 3 layers of the meninges?: dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater 5. What does the dura mater adhere firmly to?: the skull. it is tough and fibrous 6. What layer of the meninges splits into two leaves as specific sites to enclose large venous sinuses? What do these sinuses do?: dura mater. these sinuses provide major venous drainage from the brain. 7. What is the midline sinus of of the brain that splits into two sinuses: bilateral transverse and sigmoid sinus? What side are these bigger on?: The main sinus enclosed by the dura major is the midline superior sagital sinus. This splits into the sigmoid and bilateral transverse sinuses which are larger on the right side. 8. What are the arteries that lie between the skull and the dura mater (epidural space)?: meningeal arteries. 9. What is the most commonly injured meningeal artery and where is it located?: middle meningeal artery. Located over the temporal fossa 10. T/F: the arachnoid mater is fused to the dura mater?: FALSE: not attached. This produces a potential space for a subdural hematoma 11. In a subdural hematoma, what is the cause?: injury to bridging veins that extend from brain surface to the sinuses within the dura. 12. fills the space between the arachnoid and pia mater?: CSF. this cushions the brain and spinal cord. 13. What location of brain hemorrhage is frequently seen in brain contusion or injury to major blood vessels at base of brain?: subarachnoid. 14. The and contain the reticular activating system which is responsible for .: