Summary Hydrogen/ Proton NMR notes

PROTON NMR
1.0W RESOLUTION
•

number of peaks indicates chemical environments
•



position of each peak tells its chemical shift
( further left H is attached to atom )
,
more
electronegative
under peak shows relative number of H atoms
•

area

in each environment



integration trace horizontal line to represent
relative area .




HIGH RESOLUTION

similarities : -



peaks help identify chemical environments
relative peak area helps identify number
-




of hydrogen atoms


: peaks show
differences splitting patterns of
-




SPLITTING PATTERNS
:
centre of chemical shift
•




group
relative peak integration trace number next to peak
•


area uses or


numbers indicate ratio of protons
•




The protons attached to adjacent carbon atoms influence
surrounding protons
The be interpreted the nth
splitting can by rule


n n 1-1 multiple ratio of peak areas
' '

0 1 1
singlet n
being how
1 2 doublet 1 :b many protons
2 3 triplet 1 : 2 :3 attached to
3 4 1 :3 : 3 :b
quartet adjacent carbon