Syntactic distinction among HTML and XHTML
OBJECTIVES
Toward the finish of this unit you will actually want to be aware:
• Various kinds of Markup Language and Basic Text Markup
• The most effective method to utilize the various sorts of connections, pictures, list, tables,
structures, outlines have been made sense of.
• Step by step instructions to give a HyperText Link to other site or different pages.
• Distinction among HTML and XHTML
INTRODUCTION TO MARKUP LANGUAGE
A (record) markup language is a cutting edge framework for explaining a report in a manner that is
linguistically recognizable from the text. The thought and phrasing developed from the "increasing"
of paper original copies, i.e., the modification directions by editors, generally composed with a blue
pencil on creators' compositions. In advanced media this "blue pencil guidance text" was supplanted
by labels, that is to say, guidelines are communicated straight by labels or "guidance text embodied
by labels".
Models are typesetting guidelines, for example, those found in troff, TeX and LaTeX, or primary
markers, for example, XML labels. Markup educates the product showing the text to complete
suitable activities, however is discarded from the rendition of the text that is shown to clients. Some
markup dialects, like HTML, have pre-characterized show semantics, implying that their particular
endorses how the organized information are to be introduced; others, like XML, don't.
A generally utilized markup language is HyperText Markup Language (HTML), one of the report
organizations of the World Wide Web. HTML, which is an example of SGML (however, rigorously, it
doesn't conform to every one of the guidelines of SGML), follows large numbers of the markup
shows utilized in the distributing business in the correspondence of printed work between creators,
editors, and printers.
TYPES OF MARKUP LANGUAGE
There are three general classifications of electronic markup:
Presentational markup
The sort of markup utilized by conventional word-handling frameworks: twofold codes implanted in
record text that delivers the WYSIWYG outcome. Such markup is typically intended to be stowed
away from human clients, even the individuals who are creators or editors.
Procedural markup
,Markup is implanted in text and gives directions to programs that are to handle the text. Notable
models incorporate troff, LaTeX, and PostScript. It is normal that the processor will go through the
text from start to finish, adhering to the guidelines as experienced. Text with such markup is
frequently altered with the markup noticeable and straightforwardly controlled by the creator.
Famous procedural-markup frameworks for the most part incorporate programming builds, so
macros or subroutines can be characterized and conjured by name.
Descriptive markup
Markup is utilized to name portions of the record as opposed to give explicit directions regarding
how they ought to be handled. The goal is to decouple the inborn design of the report from a
specific treatment or version of it. Such markup is frequently depicted as "semantic". An illustration
of unmistakable markup would be HTML's <cite> tag, which is utilized to name a reference.
There is significant obscuring of the lines between the kinds of markup. In current wordprocessing
frameworks, presentational markup is many times saved in distinct markup-situated frameworks like
XML, and afterward handled procedurally by executions. The programming develops in procedural-
markup frameworks, for example, TeX might be utilized to make more significant level markup
frameworks which are more graphic, like LaTeX.
As of late, various little and generally un-normalized markup dialects have been created to permit
creators to make designed text by means of internet browsers, for use in wikis and web discussions.
These are once in a while called lightweight markup dialects.
Enlightening markup - - at times called coherent markup or calculated markup - - energizes writing in
a manner that portrays the material reasonably, as opposed to outwardly.
BASIC TEXT MARKUP
Text Markup — Simple markup language to encode text with ascribes. Clarification of the text
markup is made sense of utilizing the Pango Text Attribute Markup
Regularly, you need to show a text to the client with credits applied to part of the text (for instance,
you could need strong or emphasized words). With the base Pango interfaces, you could make a
PangoAttrList and apply it to the text; the issue is that you'd have to apply traits to some numeric
scope of characters, for instance "characters 12-17." This is parted from an internationalization
outlook; when the text is deciphered, the word you needed to stress could be in an alternate
position.
The arrangement is to incorporate the text credits in the string to be deciphered. Pango furnishes
this element with a little markup language. You can parse an increased string into the string text in
addition to a PangoAttrList utilizing both of pango_parse_markup() orpango_markup_parser_new().
A basic illustration of an increased string may be: "<span foreground="blue" size="x-
large">Blue text</span> is <i>cool</i>!"
Pango utilizes #G Markup to parse this language, and that implies that XML elements, for example,
numeric person substances, for example, © for © can be utilized as well.
, The root tag of an increased record is <markup>, yet pango_parse_markup () permits you to
overlook this tag, so you won't in all likelihood ever need to utilize it. There are some
accommodation labels.
b Bold
big Makes font relatively larger, equivalent to <span size="larger">
i Italic
s Strikethrough
sub Subscript
sup Superscript
small Makes font relatively smaller, equivalent to <span size="smaller">
tt Monospace font
u Underline
HTML utilizes labels like <b> and <i> for arranging yield, similar to intense or italic text. These HTML
labels are called designing labels.
Frequently <strong> renders as <b>, and <em> renders as <i>
In any case, there is a distinction in the importance of these labels:
<b> or <i> characterizes strong or italic text as it were.
<strong> or <em> implies that you believe that the text should be delivered such that the client
comprehends as ―important‖. Today, all significant programs areas of strength for render intense
and em as italics. In any case, to make a text featured with serious areas of strength for the, it very
well may be cursive for instance and not striking.
LINKS AND IMAGES
Connection and picture markup are a type of expression markup with a touch of design added.
The < and > modifiers when applied to pictures make them float.
Markup HTML
"text":url link <a href="url">text</a>
"text (title text)":url link with title text <a href="url" title="title text">text</a>
!url! image <img src="url" />
!url (alternate text)! image with alternate <img src="url" alt="alternate text" title="alternate
text text" />
!imgURL!:url linked image <a href="url"><img src="imgURL" /></a>
OBJECTIVES
Toward the finish of this unit you will actually want to be aware:
• Various kinds of Markup Language and Basic Text Markup
• The most effective method to utilize the various sorts of connections, pictures, list, tables,
structures, outlines have been made sense of.
• Step by step instructions to give a HyperText Link to other site or different pages.
• Distinction among HTML and XHTML
INTRODUCTION TO MARKUP LANGUAGE
A (record) markup language is a cutting edge framework for explaining a report in a manner that is
linguistically recognizable from the text. The thought and phrasing developed from the "increasing"
of paper original copies, i.e., the modification directions by editors, generally composed with a blue
pencil on creators' compositions. In advanced media this "blue pencil guidance text" was supplanted
by labels, that is to say, guidelines are communicated straight by labels or "guidance text embodied
by labels".
Models are typesetting guidelines, for example, those found in troff, TeX and LaTeX, or primary
markers, for example, XML labels. Markup educates the product showing the text to complete
suitable activities, however is discarded from the rendition of the text that is shown to clients. Some
markup dialects, like HTML, have pre-characterized show semantics, implying that their particular
endorses how the organized information are to be introduced; others, like XML, don't.
A generally utilized markup language is HyperText Markup Language (HTML), one of the report
organizations of the World Wide Web. HTML, which is an example of SGML (however, rigorously, it
doesn't conform to every one of the guidelines of SGML), follows large numbers of the markup
shows utilized in the distributing business in the correspondence of printed work between creators,
editors, and printers.
TYPES OF MARKUP LANGUAGE
There are three general classifications of electronic markup:
Presentational markup
The sort of markup utilized by conventional word-handling frameworks: twofold codes implanted in
record text that delivers the WYSIWYG outcome. Such markup is typically intended to be stowed
away from human clients, even the individuals who are creators or editors.
Procedural markup
,Markup is implanted in text and gives directions to programs that are to handle the text. Notable
models incorporate troff, LaTeX, and PostScript. It is normal that the processor will go through the
text from start to finish, adhering to the guidelines as experienced. Text with such markup is
frequently altered with the markup noticeable and straightforwardly controlled by the creator.
Famous procedural-markup frameworks for the most part incorporate programming builds, so
macros or subroutines can be characterized and conjured by name.
Descriptive markup
Markup is utilized to name portions of the record as opposed to give explicit directions regarding
how they ought to be handled. The goal is to decouple the inborn design of the report from a
specific treatment or version of it. Such markup is frequently depicted as "semantic". An illustration
of unmistakable markup would be HTML's <cite> tag, which is utilized to name a reference.
There is significant obscuring of the lines between the kinds of markup. In current wordprocessing
frameworks, presentational markup is many times saved in distinct markup-situated frameworks like
XML, and afterward handled procedurally by executions. The programming develops in procedural-
markup frameworks, for example, TeX might be utilized to make more significant level markup
frameworks which are more graphic, like LaTeX.
As of late, various little and generally un-normalized markup dialects have been created to permit
creators to make designed text by means of internet browsers, for use in wikis and web discussions.
These are once in a while called lightweight markup dialects.
Enlightening markup - - at times called coherent markup or calculated markup - - energizes writing in
a manner that portrays the material reasonably, as opposed to outwardly.
BASIC TEXT MARKUP
Text Markup — Simple markup language to encode text with ascribes. Clarification of the text
markup is made sense of utilizing the Pango Text Attribute Markup
Regularly, you need to show a text to the client with credits applied to part of the text (for instance,
you could need strong or emphasized words). With the base Pango interfaces, you could make a
PangoAttrList and apply it to the text; the issue is that you'd have to apply traits to some numeric
scope of characters, for instance "characters 12-17." This is parted from an internationalization
outlook; when the text is deciphered, the word you needed to stress could be in an alternate
position.
The arrangement is to incorporate the text credits in the string to be deciphered. Pango furnishes
this element with a little markup language. You can parse an increased string into the string text in
addition to a PangoAttrList utilizing both of pango_parse_markup() orpango_markup_parser_new().
A basic illustration of an increased string may be: "<span foreground="blue" size="x-
large">Blue text</span> is <i>cool</i>!"
Pango utilizes #G Markup to parse this language, and that implies that XML elements, for example,
numeric person substances, for example, © for © can be utilized as well.
, The root tag of an increased record is <markup>, yet pango_parse_markup () permits you to
overlook this tag, so you won't in all likelihood ever need to utilize it. There are some
accommodation labels.
b Bold
big Makes font relatively larger, equivalent to <span size="larger">
i Italic
s Strikethrough
sub Subscript
sup Superscript
small Makes font relatively smaller, equivalent to <span size="smaller">
tt Monospace font
u Underline
HTML utilizes labels like <b> and <i> for arranging yield, similar to intense or italic text. These HTML
labels are called designing labels.
Frequently <strong> renders as <b>, and <em> renders as <i>
In any case, there is a distinction in the importance of these labels:
<b> or <i> characterizes strong or italic text as it were.
<strong> or <em> implies that you believe that the text should be delivered such that the client
comprehends as ―important‖. Today, all significant programs areas of strength for render intense
and em as italics. In any case, to make a text featured with serious areas of strength for the, it very
well may be cursive for instance and not striking.
LINKS AND IMAGES
Connection and picture markup are a type of expression markup with a touch of design added.
The < and > modifiers when applied to pictures make them float.
Markup HTML
"text":url link <a href="url">text</a>
"text (title text)":url link with title text <a href="url" title="title text">text</a>
!url! image <img src="url" />
!url (alternate text)! image with alternate <img src="url" alt="alternate text" title="alternate
text text" />
!imgURL!:url linked image <a href="url"><img src="imgURL" /></a>
