WJEC AS Level | GCE AS/A LEVEL – NEW 2160U20-1 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS – AS unit 2 Living and participating in a democracy| 2022 UPDATE QUESTIONS ONLY

GCE AS/A LEVEL – NEW 2160U20-1 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS – AS unit 2 Living and participating in a democracy TUESDAY, 21 MAY 2019 – AFTERNOON 1 hour 30 minutes © WJEC CBAC Ltd. S19-2160U20-1 (2160U20-1) 2 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. Section A In Section A, you must answer both questions 1 and 2. In your answer credit will be given for accurate knowledge and understanding. 1. Using examples, describe the main features of a direct democracy. [6] 2. Using examples, briefly describe the role of the judiciary in the protection of human rights. [6] Section B In Section B, you must answer one question. In your answer credit will be given for accurate knowledge and understanding, and also your ability to interpret and apply political information. Either, 3. Read the extract below and answer the question that follows. Extract A Party Policies and Ideas Political parties must develop policies and programmes to present to the electorate in order to secure the election of their candidates. Behind such policies usually lies some kind of ideology. This may be relatively weak, but it remains important for a political party to have some sort of ‘ideological identity’ with which people can identify. This may be quite vague, for example, ‘releasing individuals from the excessive burdens of government’ (a contemporary Conservative slogan), or ‘governing on behalf of the many rather than the few’ (Labour). However, Labour has considered itself to be democratic socialist, and the Liberal Democrats claim to base themselves on the primacy of individual freedom and social justice. [Extract adapted from McNaughton. N. (2008) Government and Politics, Hodder] Using Extract A as well as your own knowledge, compare and contrast the differing ideologies of the main political parties in Wales and the UK. [24] (2160U20-1) 3 © WJEC CBAC Ltd. Social Movements Interest in social movements has been revived by the emergence of ‘new’ social movements since the 1960s, such as the peace movement, the women’s movement, the environmental movement and so on. What is new about the social movements that emerged at the end of the twentieth century? Whereas the more traditional pressure groups were organisations of and for the oppressed or the disadvantaged, contemporary social movements have, in contrast, more commonly attracted the young, the better-educated and the relatively affluent. Being part of a social movement requires commitment and political activism rather than card-carrying, formal membership. The most dramatic examples of this have been the anti-capitalism and anti-globalisation demonstrations across the world. [Extract adapted from Hayward. A (2007) Politics] Using Extract B as well as your own knowledge, explain the similarities and differences between pressure groups and social movements. [24] Section C In Section C, you must answer two questions. In your answer credit will be given for accurate knowledge and understanding, and also your ability to analyse and evaluate. 5. ‘Pressure groups are influential because they force governments to respond.’ Discuss. [22] 6. ‘First Past the Post (FPTP) should continue to be used for the election of UK MPs to the House of Commons.’ To what extent do you agree with this statement? [22] 7. Assess the extent to which governments should restrict the rights of their citizens. [22] END