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Exam (elaborations)

Matemáticas 2 - Parcial #2

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Solución del segundo parcial de la materia MA1112 en el trimestre abril-julio 2021

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Parcial #2 - Matemáticas II
1. ∫ sin ( √ 3 x )cos (5 x)

1
Reescribimos la ecuación usando la siguiente: sin a cos b= [sin ( a+b ) +sin (a−b)]
2

1
∫ 2 [sin ( √3 x+ 5 x ) +sin (√ 3 x−5 x )]dx
1
Por el teorema de linealidad de integrales, sacamos la constante de la integral y
2
separamos en dos integrales

1
[ sin ( ( √ 3+5 ) x ) dx +∫ sin (( √3−5 ) x)dx ]
2 ∫

Ahora, integramos cada function por separado


∫ sin (( √ 3+5 ) x)dx ∫ sin (( √ 3−5 ) x )dx
Realizamos un cambio de variable en la Realizamos un cambio de variable en la integral
integral u=( √3+ 5 ) x y du=( √ 3+5 ) dx u=( √3−5 ) x y du=( √ 3−5 ) dx

sin(u) 1 sin(u) 1
∫ √3+5 du= √ 3+5 ∫ sin (u)du ∫ √ 3−5 du= √ 3−5 ∫ sin(u) du

Sabemos que ∫ sin (x) dx es un integral directa, Sabemos que ∫ sin ( x) dx es una integral directa,
por lo que integramos así que integramos

1 −cos(u) 1 −cos (u)
∫ sin(u)du= ∫ sin (u)du=
√3+ 5 √ 3+5 √3−5 √3−5
Revertimos el cambio u=( √ 3+ 5 ) x Revertimos el cambio u=( √3−5 ) x

−cos ( ( √ 3+5 ) x) −cos ( ( √ 3−5 ) x )
∫ sin (( √ 3+5 ) x) dx= √ 3+5
∫ sin (( √ 3−5 ) x )dx= √ 3−5

Sustituimos ambos resultados en la ecuación, añadiendo la constante de integración C


∫ sin ( √3 x ) cos ( 5 x ) dx= 12 [ −cos ( ( √3+ 5 ) x )
√ 3+5

cos ( ( √ 3−5 ) x )
√3−5 ] +c

, 1
2. ∫ 2
dx
√ 2 x −4 x+ 20
Operamos algebraicamente usando completación de cuadrados, para eso sumamos y
restamos 18

1
∫ 2
dx
√ 2 x −4 x+ 20−18+18
1
∫ 2
dx
√ 2 ( x −2 x +1 ) +18
1
∫ 2
dx
√ 2 ( x−1 ) +18
Ahora, realizamos un cambio de variable para u=x−1 y du=dx

du

√ 2u 2+18
Con esto, tenemos que realizar un Segundo cambio de variable u=3 tan (v) y
2
du=3 sec (v) dv

3 sec 2 (v ) dv 3 sec 2 ( v) dv 3 sec 2 (v )dv
∫ 2
=∫ =∫
√ 2 ( 3 tan ( v ) ) +18 √18 tan2 (v )+18 2
3 √ 2 √ tan (v)+1

Aplicamos la identidad trigonométrica: tan 2 (v )+1=sec 2 (v )

sec 2 ( v)dv sec 2 (v ) dv sec (v )dv
∫ =∫
√ 2 sec (v )
=∫
√2
√ 2 √ sec2 (v )
1
Ahora, sacamos la constante de la evacuación e integramos
√2
1 ¿ sec ( v ) +tan (v )∨¿
∫ sec( v)dv=ln +c ¿
√2 √2
u −1 u
Para revertir el cambio decimos que: tan ( v )= and v=tan
3 3

u u

ln
( ( ))
¿ sec tan−1
3
+ ∨¿
3
+c ¿
√3

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