PN2 EXAM 2 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST)

1. The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of decreased cardiac output related to valvular insufficiency for the patient with infective endocarditis (IE) based on which assessment finding(s)? a. Fever, chills, and diaphoresis *b. Blood pressure of 85/48 mmHg c. Petechiae on the inside of the mouth and conjunctiva d. Increase in heart rate of 15 beats/minute while walking. 2. A patient who has a history of pulmonary valve stenosis tells the healthcare provider, “I don’t have a lot of energy anymore, and both of my feet get swollen in the late afternoon.” Which of these problems does the healthcare provider conclude is the likely cause of these clinical findings? a. Acute pericarditis b. Peripheral arterial disease c. Deep vein thrombosis *d. Right side heart failure 3. A patient is diagnosed with heart failure and is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix). Before administering the furosemide to the patient, which laboratory result should the healthcare provider to review? a. Serum calcium *b. Serum potassium c. Serum sodium d. Serum phosphorous 4. You are educating a patient with newly diagnosed Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. Which of the following statements indicate a need for further teaching? *a. I will limit my intake of dried beans and citrus fruit. b. I will drink fluids with electrolytes while exercising. c. I will increase my intake of animal proteins and eggs. d. I will keep my follow up appointment with my provider. 5. You are providing patient education on their new medication, Amlodipine (Norvasc). Which statement by the patient indicates patient understanding? a. I will weigh myself daily at the same time every day. *b. I will need to avoid grapefruit juice and grapefruit while taking this medication. c. I will need to avoid green leafy vegetables while taking this medication. d. I will take this medication only when I remember. 6. A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with Buerger’s disease. While assessing this client and extremities, the nurse correlates which clinical manifestations with this disease process? *a. ulcerations on digits and complaints of claudication b. Cold and pale, with bounding radial and pedal pulses c. Cyanotic, with hyporeflexive distal deep tendon reflexes d. Brownish, with hyperreflexive distal deep tendon reflexes 7. Which intervention suggested to the client with Raynaud’s disease is aimed at preventing worsening complications? a. “Take oral vasoconstrictive agents when you have symptoms.” *b. “Wear warm clothing when exposed to cool temperatures.” c. “Avoid placing lotion on affected extremities.” d. “Check the pulses in your arms and legs daily.” 8. The graduate nurse is assessing her newly admitted client’s abdomen and notes a bruit upon auscultation. Which assessment technique by this nurse should be questioned in this client? a. Observe for movement of the abdominal wall b. Measure the client’s abdominal girth c. Assessing the client for abdominal and back pain *d. Palpate and document if artery is found to have doubled in size 9. A client with atherosclerosis asks a nurse which factors are responsible for this condition. What is the nurse’s best response? a. “Injury to the arteries causes them to spasm, reducing blood flow to the extremities.” b. “Excess fats in your diet are stored in the lining of your arteries, causing them to constrict.” *c. “A combination of platelets and fats accumulate, narrowing the lumen of the artery, reducing blood flow.” d. “Excess sodium from hypertension causes direct injury to the arteries, reducing blood flow and eventually causing obstruction.” 10. Which assessment finding does the nurse expect in the client with mitral valve prolapse? a. Rumbling apical diastolic murmur *b. Chest pain and palpitations c. An S3 coupled with a high-pitched diastolic murmur d. Continuing, loud diastolic murmur radiating to the left axilla 11. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is taking Digoxin daily. The client refused breakfast and is complaining of nausea and weakness. Which of the following actions should be a priority for the nurse to take? *a. Check the client’s vital signs and heart rhythm b. Request a dietician consult c. Suggest the client rest adequately before eating meals. d. Administer the ordered PRN antiemetic. 12. A nurse is reviewing the labs for a newly admitted heart failure patient and notes a K+ level of 5.6. Upon reviewing the patient’s medications, the nurse realizes which of the following medications most likely contributed to this electrolyte imbalance? a. Furosemide b. Hydrochlorothiazide *c. Spironolactone d. Bumetanide 13. The nurse determines which client as at greatest risk for acidosis? a. The anxious client who is hyperventilating b. The young adult client with persistent vomiting c. The adult client with peptic ulcer disease *d. The adult client with pneumonia 14. Which intervention will the nurse plan to implement to reduce a client’s pain during a sickle cell crisis? a. Encourage ambulation to promote circulation. b. Offer the client cool compresses for comfort. c. Keep the room temperature at a cool 68-72° F. *d. Provide warm blankets and a warm environment. 15. A nurse is planning a diet for a client who is iron deficient. Which of the following foods high in iron should the nurse include in the plan? a. Oranges b. Cashews *c. Red meat d. Yogurt 16. Which symptom is most characteristic of a factor VIII deficiency? *a. Excessive bleeding from a cut b. Back pain c. Nausea and vomiting d. Temperature of 101° F 17. A nurse is caring for a client who has hemophilia A and hemarthrosis of the left knee. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer low dose aspirin for mild pain. b. Apply heat to affected knee c. Prepare to administer IV fluids *d. Assess client for s/s of bleeding 18. A client is admitted with arterial blood gas (ABGs) results of pH 7.30, PaCO2 60, HCO3 22. The nurse concludes this client has which acid-base imbalance?? a. Compensated Respiratory Acidosis *b. Uncompensated Respiratory Acidosis c. Uncompensated Metabolic Acidosis d. Compensated Metabolic Acidosis 19. Which ABG values are expected with anxiety induced hyperventilation? a. pH 7.29; PaCO2 55 mm Hg b. pH 7.49; PaCO2 56 mm Hg c. pH 7.28; PaCO2 31 mm Hg *d. pH 7.48; PaCO2 32 mm Hg 20. The nurse is cari