MEASUREMENT AND SAMPLING EXAM PREP
2026 PRACTICE SOLUTION STUDY GUIDE
◉ cluster sampling. Answer: population -> clusters -> select all
members of each cluster but not all clusteres
◉ systematic sampling. Answer: population _> each assigned a
number -> starting number randomly chosen -> everyone in a
continuous interval is chosen
◉ selection bias. Answer: when the way the sample is selcted
systematically excludes some part of the population of interest.
◉ measurement or response bias. Answer: when the method of
observation tends to produce values systematically from the true
value in some way; measuring weight with a faulty scale
◉ frequency. Answer: the number of times an observation cappens
◉ relative frequency. Answer: the number of times an observation
occurs/the total number of observation
frequency/ total frequency