NR507 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
COMPLETELY SOLVED!!!
Endometrial cycle - ANSWERthe portion within the menstrual cycle that has to do with
the endometrium, aka the lining of the uterus
Follicular phase - ANSWERBegins on day 1 of your cycle, and lasts until about day 14.
It's where the endometrium grows to form a lush lining inside the uterus
Luteal phase - ANSWERThe body secretes estrogen and progesterone to prepare the
lining of the uterus for implantation; lasts 12 days
Menstrual phase - ANSWERLevels of estrogen and progesterone start to decline and
the endometrial lining begins to shed; lasts 3 to 5 days
The occurrence of ovulation - ANSWEROvulation occurs post follicular phase and pre-
luteal phase
Uterine prolapse - ANSWERUterus protrudes into the vaginal cavity and possibly
extend to the outside;
Pessary - ANSWERCommon first-line treatment for uterine prolapse, which is a
removable mechanical device that holds the uterus in position
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) - ANSWER•Hormonal imbalance and metabolic
problems that causes infertility.
•Is a common and treatable cause of infertility amongst women.
Risks for Testicular Cancer - ANSWER-An undescended testicle (cryptorchidism)
-Family history of testicular cancer
-HIV infection
-Carcinoma in situ of the testicle
-Having had testicular cancer before
Symptoms of breast cancer - ANSWERLump, hard knot or thickening.
Swelling, warmth, redness or darkening.
Change in the size or shape of the breast.
Dimpling or puckering of the skin.
Itchy, scaly sore or rash on the nipple.
Pulling in of your nipple or other parts of the breast.
Nipple discharge that starts suddenly.
New pain in one spot that doesn't go away.
, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) - ANSWER-Severe form of PMS
-Physical and behavioral symptoms resolve with onset on menstruation
-Extreme mood shifts
-Sadness, hopelessness, irritability, anger
-Breast tenderness, bloating
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding - ANSWER•Also called anovulatory bleeding
•Any bleeding from the vagina that varies from the normal menstrual cycle.
•Normal cycle is triggered by signals from hormones
•Occurs when the cycle's hormonal signals get thrown off.
•Can include alternating periods that are heavy and light, spotting or unpredictable
shorter and longer cycles.
Prostate Cancer Prevention - ANSWERReduction of DHT (Dihydroxytestosterone) ;
Finasteride/Dutasteride are 5 alph reductase inhibitors and cause the reduction of DHT;
HPV - ANSWERSTD;
Viral Infection;
Strong correlation to occurrence to cervical cancer;
High Risk HPV - ANSWER16; 18; Related to Cervical/Vaginal/Vulvar Cancer
Non-Cancer HPV - ANSWER6; 11; Anogenital Warts
The development of cervical cancer - ANSWERoccurs when the cells of the cervix grow
abnormally and invade other tissues and organs of the body. Infection with human
papillomavirus (HPV), early sexual contact, multiple sexual partners, and taking oral
contraceptives (birth control pills) increase the risk of cervical cancer because they lead
to greater exposure to HPV.
The body's process for adapting to low hormone levels - ANSWER-Up-Regulation
-target cell increase sensitivity to a specific hormone by increasing number of receptors
when concentration of a hormone is very little
The body's process for adapting to high hormone levels - ANSWER-Down Regulation
-target cell decreases sensitivity to hormone by decreasing the amount of available
receptors when concentration of hormone is high
Cushing's Syndrome - ANSWER-clinical manifestation d/t chronic exposure to excess
endogenous cortisol
-more common in women
-main cause from overproduction of ACTH from anterior pituitary due to tumor
S/S fo Cushing Syndrome - ANSWER-Truncal Obesity
-Moon Face
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
COMPLETELY SOLVED!!!
Endometrial cycle - ANSWERthe portion within the menstrual cycle that has to do with
the endometrium, aka the lining of the uterus
Follicular phase - ANSWERBegins on day 1 of your cycle, and lasts until about day 14.
It's where the endometrium grows to form a lush lining inside the uterus
Luteal phase - ANSWERThe body secretes estrogen and progesterone to prepare the
lining of the uterus for implantation; lasts 12 days
Menstrual phase - ANSWERLevels of estrogen and progesterone start to decline and
the endometrial lining begins to shed; lasts 3 to 5 days
The occurrence of ovulation - ANSWEROvulation occurs post follicular phase and pre-
luteal phase
Uterine prolapse - ANSWERUterus protrudes into the vaginal cavity and possibly
extend to the outside;
Pessary - ANSWERCommon first-line treatment for uterine prolapse, which is a
removable mechanical device that holds the uterus in position
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) - ANSWER•Hormonal imbalance and metabolic
problems that causes infertility.
•Is a common and treatable cause of infertility amongst women.
Risks for Testicular Cancer - ANSWER-An undescended testicle (cryptorchidism)
-Family history of testicular cancer
-HIV infection
-Carcinoma in situ of the testicle
-Having had testicular cancer before
Symptoms of breast cancer - ANSWERLump, hard knot or thickening.
Swelling, warmth, redness or darkening.
Change in the size or shape of the breast.
Dimpling or puckering of the skin.
Itchy, scaly sore or rash on the nipple.
Pulling in of your nipple or other parts of the breast.
Nipple discharge that starts suddenly.
New pain in one spot that doesn't go away.
, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) - ANSWER-Severe form of PMS
-Physical and behavioral symptoms resolve with onset on menstruation
-Extreme mood shifts
-Sadness, hopelessness, irritability, anger
-Breast tenderness, bloating
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding - ANSWER•Also called anovulatory bleeding
•Any bleeding from the vagina that varies from the normal menstrual cycle.
•Normal cycle is triggered by signals from hormones
•Occurs when the cycle's hormonal signals get thrown off.
•Can include alternating periods that are heavy and light, spotting or unpredictable
shorter and longer cycles.
Prostate Cancer Prevention - ANSWERReduction of DHT (Dihydroxytestosterone) ;
Finasteride/Dutasteride are 5 alph reductase inhibitors and cause the reduction of DHT;
HPV - ANSWERSTD;
Viral Infection;
Strong correlation to occurrence to cervical cancer;
High Risk HPV - ANSWER16; 18; Related to Cervical/Vaginal/Vulvar Cancer
Non-Cancer HPV - ANSWER6; 11; Anogenital Warts
The development of cervical cancer - ANSWERoccurs when the cells of the cervix grow
abnormally and invade other tissues and organs of the body. Infection with human
papillomavirus (HPV), early sexual contact, multiple sexual partners, and taking oral
contraceptives (birth control pills) increase the risk of cervical cancer because they lead
to greater exposure to HPV.
The body's process for adapting to low hormone levels - ANSWER-Up-Regulation
-target cell increase sensitivity to a specific hormone by increasing number of receptors
when concentration of a hormone is very little
The body's process for adapting to high hormone levels - ANSWER-Down Regulation
-target cell decreases sensitivity to hormone by decreasing the amount of available
receptors when concentration of hormone is high
Cushing's Syndrome - ANSWER-clinical manifestation d/t chronic exposure to excess
endogenous cortisol
-more common in women
-main cause from overproduction of ACTH from anterior pituitary due to tumor
S/S fo Cushing Syndrome - ANSWER-Truncal Obesity
-Moon Face
