BIOL 252 Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab
| Module 8 Exam Review 70+ Questions and
Certified Answers -Summary | Graded A + |
Portage Learning | 100 % Guaranteed Pass
Which of the following is not a function of the ovaries?
A. Production of eggs
B. Maintaining the development of a fetus
C. Production of estrogen
D. Development of the corpus luteum
Answer: B. Maintaining the development of a fetus
Rationale: The ovaries are responsible for producing eggs, estrogen, and the corpus luteum.
Fetal development occurs in the uterus, not the ovaries.
Which statement about oogenesis is true?
A. It begins at the time of puberty
B. The primary oocyte divides to produce a secondary oocyte
C. Each primary oocyte produces two to three mature ova
D. The first polar body maintains all the cytoplasm
E. Both B & C
Answer: B. The primary oocyte divides to produce a secondary oocyte
Rationale: Oogenesis begins before birth, with primary oocytes forming in the ovary. During
puberty, they resume meiosis. Each primary oocyte produces only one mature ovum, and
the polar body does not retain cytoplasm.
Ovulation occurs when an egg is released from the:
• Ovarian follicle
Rationale: The ovarian follicle is the structure in which the egg matures and is released
during ovulation.
The specific region of the reproductive system highlighted in blue (fimbriae) is called the:
, • Fimbriae (infundibulum)
Rationale: Fimbriae are finger-like projections that guide the released egg from the ovary
into the fallopian tube.
Which layer of the uterus contracts during labor?
A. Endometrium
B. Mucosal coat
C. Perimetrium
D. Myometrium
E. Serous coat
Answer: D. Myometrium
Rationale: The myometrium is the muscular middle layer of the uterus responsible for
contractions during labor.
Which statement is false concerning the vagina?
A. The fundus is made of elastic fibers, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves
B. The wetness and moisture of the surface is achieved by mucus from the cervix
C. The elastic fibers give the vaginal wall elasticity
D. The mucosal lining can extend
Answer: A. The fundus is made of elastic fibers, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves
Rationale: The fundus is part of the uterus, not the vagina. The vagina’s wall has elastic
fibers, mucosa, and muscular layers that allow for elasticity and lubrication.
Purpose of the cervix just prior to ovulation:
• The cervix swells, softens, and secretes mucus to allow sperm easier access to the
uterus and enhance sperm viability.
Label the regions of the reproductive system:
A: Prepuce
B: Urethral orifice
C: Vestibule
Rationale: These are parts of the external female genitalia (vulva) that play roles in
protection and the passage of urine and reproductive cells.
,True or False: Each mammary gland contains 12–24 lobules.
Answer: True
Rationale: Lobules are the functional units of mammary glands that produce milk.
True or False: Milk is not produced during pregnancy because of estrogen and progesterone.
Answer: True
Rationale: High levels of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy inhibit milk
production; prolactin initiates lactation postpartum.
If progesterone and estrogen levels are both increased, the patient is most likely in what
phase of the uterine cycle?
A. Menstrual phase
B. Proliferative phase
C. Secretory phase
D. Luteal phase
E. Follicular phase
Answer: C. Secretory phase
Rationale: During the secretory phase (post-ovulation), estrogen and progesterone rise to
prepare the endometrium for potential implantation.
Which statement is false concerning the male reproductive system?
A. The epididymis is the site of sperm maturation
B. The vas deferens travels through the inguinal canal inside the abdomen
C. Once produced, sperm travel to the seminal vesicles for maturation
D. The epididymis is located on the posterior-lateral portion of the testis
E. The testes function to produce sperm
Answer: C. Once produced, sperm travel to the seminal vesicles for maturation
Rationale: Sperm mature in the epididymis, not the seminal vesicles. The seminal vesicles
contribute fluids to semen but do not mature sperm.
The structure that connects the seminal vesicle with the urethra to allow sperm to exit the
body is the:
, • Ejaculatory duct
Match glands/organs with their descriptions:
Seminal Vesicles: D (fructose), F (prostaglandins)
Prostate Gland: E (alkaline fluid)
Bulbourethral glands: A (first secretion), E (alkaline fluid)
Testes: C (produces sperm)
Anterior Pituitary: B (produces FSH)
Rationale: These structures produce fluids or hormones essential for sperm nourishment,
transport, and regulation of reproduction.
Which is true about spermatogenesis?
A. Production of sperm takes 20 days
B. Spermatogenesis is complete at birth
C. Males have all the sperm at birth that they will ever make
D. Each primary spermatocyte produces four viable gametes
E. Each gamete has 46 chromosomes
Answer: D. Each primary spermatocyte produces four viable gametes
Rationale: Spermatogenesis produces four haploid sperm per primary spermatocyte,
occurring continuously after puberty.
Label the male reproductive structures:
A: Vas Deferens
B: Seminal Vesicles
C: Ejaculatory Duct
D: Prostate gland
E: Bulbourethral gland
Rationale: Each structure has a specific role in sperm transport, nourishment, or protection.
Purpose of the sperm head (arrow in figure):
• Contains the nucleus with DNA and the acrosome, which has enzymes to penetrate
the egg membrane during fertilization.
| Module 8 Exam Review 70+ Questions and
Certified Answers -Summary | Graded A + |
Portage Learning | 100 % Guaranteed Pass
Which of the following is not a function of the ovaries?
A. Production of eggs
B. Maintaining the development of a fetus
C. Production of estrogen
D. Development of the corpus luteum
Answer: B. Maintaining the development of a fetus
Rationale: The ovaries are responsible for producing eggs, estrogen, and the corpus luteum.
Fetal development occurs in the uterus, not the ovaries.
Which statement about oogenesis is true?
A. It begins at the time of puberty
B. The primary oocyte divides to produce a secondary oocyte
C. Each primary oocyte produces two to three mature ova
D. The first polar body maintains all the cytoplasm
E. Both B & C
Answer: B. The primary oocyte divides to produce a secondary oocyte
Rationale: Oogenesis begins before birth, with primary oocytes forming in the ovary. During
puberty, they resume meiosis. Each primary oocyte produces only one mature ovum, and
the polar body does not retain cytoplasm.
Ovulation occurs when an egg is released from the:
• Ovarian follicle
Rationale: The ovarian follicle is the structure in which the egg matures and is released
during ovulation.
The specific region of the reproductive system highlighted in blue (fimbriae) is called the:
, • Fimbriae (infundibulum)
Rationale: Fimbriae are finger-like projections that guide the released egg from the ovary
into the fallopian tube.
Which layer of the uterus contracts during labor?
A. Endometrium
B. Mucosal coat
C. Perimetrium
D. Myometrium
E. Serous coat
Answer: D. Myometrium
Rationale: The myometrium is the muscular middle layer of the uterus responsible for
contractions during labor.
Which statement is false concerning the vagina?
A. The fundus is made of elastic fibers, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves
B. The wetness and moisture of the surface is achieved by mucus from the cervix
C. The elastic fibers give the vaginal wall elasticity
D. The mucosal lining can extend
Answer: A. The fundus is made of elastic fibers, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves
Rationale: The fundus is part of the uterus, not the vagina. The vagina’s wall has elastic
fibers, mucosa, and muscular layers that allow for elasticity and lubrication.
Purpose of the cervix just prior to ovulation:
• The cervix swells, softens, and secretes mucus to allow sperm easier access to the
uterus and enhance sperm viability.
Label the regions of the reproductive system:
A: Prepuce
B: Urethral orifice
C: Vestibule
Rationale: These are parts of the external female genitalia (vulva) that play roles in
protection and the passage of urine and reproductive cells.
,True or False: Each mammary gland contains 12–24 lobules.
Answer: True
Rationale: Lobules are the functional units of mammary glands that produce milk.
True or False: Milk is not produced during pregnancy because of estrogen and progesterone.
Answer: True
Rationale: High levels of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy inhibit milk
production; prolactin initiates lactation postpartum.
If progesterone and estrogen levels are both increased, the patient is most likely in what
phase of the uterine cycle?
A. Menstrual phase
B. Proliferative phase
C. Secretory phase
D. Luteal phase
E. Follicular phase
Answer: C. Secretory phase
Rationale: During the secretory phase (post-ovulation), estrogen and progesterone rise to
prepare the endometrium for potential implantation.
Which statement is false concerning the male reproductive system?
A. The epididymis is the site of sperm maturation
B. The vas deferens travels through the inguinal canal inside the abdomen
C. Once produced, sperm travel to the seminal vesicles for maturation
D. The epididymis is located on the posterior-lateral portion of the testis
E. The testes function to produce sperm
Answer: C. Once produced, sperm travel to the seminal vesicles for maturation
Rationale: Sperm mature in the epididymis, not the seminal vesicles. The seminal vesicles
contribute fluids to semen but do not mature sperm.
The structure that connects the seminal vesicle with the urethra to allow sperm to exit the
body is the:
, • Ejaculatory duct
Match glands/organs with their descriptions:
Seminal Vesicles: D (fructose), F (prostaglandins)
Prostate Gland: E (alkaline fluid)
Bulbourethral glands: A (first secretion), E (alkaline fluid)
Testes: C (produces sperm)
Anterior Pituitary: B (produces FSH)
Rationale: These structures produce fluids or hormones essential for sperm nourishment,
transport, and regulation of reproduction.
Which is true about spermatogenesis?
A. Production of sperm takes 20 days
B. Spermatogenesis is complete at birth
C. Males have all the sperm at birth that they will ever make
D. Each primary spermatocyte produces four viable gametes
E. Each gamete has 46 chromosomes
Answer: D. Each primary spermatocyte produces four viable gametes
Rationale: Spermatogenesis produces four haploid sperm per primary spermatocyte,
occurring continuously after puberty.
Label the male reproductive structures:
A: Vas Deferens
B: Seminal Vesicles
C: Ejaculatory Duct
D: Prostate gland
E: Bulbourethral gland
Rationale: Each structure has a specific role in sperm transport, nourishment, or protection.
Purpose of the sperm head (arrow in figure):
• Contains the nucleus with DNA and the acrosome, which has enzymes to penetrate
the egg membrane during fertilization.
