1/28/26, 9:15 AM Anatomy and Physiology Lab Practical 1: Exercises 1, 2, 3, Anatomy: Test 1, CH. 1, 4, 5
Anatomy and Physiology Lab Practical 1: Exercises 1, 2, 3,
Anatomy: Test 1, CH. 1, 4, 5 Middle Tennessee State University
BIOL 2010
Signs
objectives; can be observed or measured; i.e. blood pressure, body temperature,
rash, swelling
Symptoms
subjective changes; described not measured; i.e. headache, nausea, anxiety, etc.
Feedback Systems
a controlled condition monitored by a receptor, evaluated by a control center,
and altered by an effector
Receptor -> Control Center -> Effector
Sensory Receptor
detects a stimulus or change in external or internal environment ; sends input
command to control center
/ 1/36
,1/28/26, 9:15 AM Anatomy and Physiology Lab Practical 1: Exercises 1, 2, 3, Anatomy: Test 1, CH. 1, 4, 5
Superior
towards the head or upper part of structure
Dorsal
nearer to the back of body
Intermediate
between two structures
Contralateral
on the opposite side of body from another structure
Directional Terms
describe location in relation to other objects
/ 2/36
,1/28/26, 9:15 AM Anatomy and Physiology Lab Practical 1: Exercises 1, 2, 3, Anatomy: Test 1, CH. 1, 4, 5
Frontal Plane
divides body into front and back
Midsagittal Plane
cuts body into equal left and right parts
Dorsal Cavities
cranial cavity and spinal/vertebral cavity
Ventral Cavities
thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic pelvic
Spinal/Vertebral Cavity
houses the spinal cord; dorsal
Serous Membranes
line cavities that do not open to outside of body; consists of two layers: parietal
and visceral
Parietal Layer
a layer of serous membrane lining outside of body cavity
/ 3/36
, 1/28/26, 9:15 AM Anatomy and Physiology Lab Practical 1: Exercises 1, 2, 3, Anatomy: Test 1, CH. 1, 4, 5
Visceral Layer
a layer of serous membrane lining the inside of an organ
Pleural Cavities
two fluid-filled sacs containing one lung each
/ 4/36
Anatomy and Physiology Lab Practical 1: Exercises 1, 2, 3,
Anatomy: Test 1, CH. 1, 4, 5 Middle Tennessee State University
BIOL 2010
Signs
objectives; can be observed or measured; i.e. blood pressure, body temperature,
rash, swelling
Symptoms
subjective changes; described not measured; i.e. headache, nausea, anxiety, etc.
Feedback Systems
a controlled condition monitored by a receptor, evaluated by a control center,
and altered by an effector
Receptor -> Control Center -> Effector
Sensory Receptor
detects a stimulus or change in external or internal environment ; sends input
command to control center
/ 1/36
,1/28/26, 9:15 AM Anatomy and Physiology Lab Practical 1: Exercises 1, 2, 3, Anatomy: Test 1, CH. 1, 4, 5
Superior
towards the head or upper part of structure
Dorsal
nearer to the back of body
Intermediate
between two structures
Contralateral
on the opposite side of body from another structure
Directional Terms
describe location in relation to other objects
/ 2/36
,1/28/26, 9:15 AM Anatomy and Physiology Lab Practical 1: Exercises 1, 2, 3, Anatomy: Test 1, CH. 1, 4, 5
Frontal Plane
divides body into front and back
Midsagittal Plane
cuts body into equal left and right parts
Dorsal Cavities
cranial cavity and spinal/vertebral cavity
Ventral Cavities
thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic pelvic
Spinal/Vertebral Cavity
houses the spinal cord; dorsal
Serous Membranes
line cavities that do not open to outside of body; consists of two layers: parietal
and visceral
Parietal Layer
a layer of serous membrane lining outside of body cavity
/ 3/36
, 1/28/26, 9:15 AM Anatomy and Physiology Lab Practical 1: Exercises 1, 2, 3, Anatomy: Test 1, CH. 1, 4, 5
Visceral Layer
a layer of serous membrane lining the inside of an organ
Pleural Cavities
two fluid-filled sacs containing one lung each
/ 4/36
