Newborn LATEST 2026 | 2027
Main topics covered on proctored & need to know information* PLUS
PROCTORED EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS
Contraception:
◊ Diaphragms o Must be refit every 2 years, if client has gained
more than 15 lbs, and if becomes pregnant
o You must use spermicide with every act of coitus interruptus;
every time you withdrawal, more spermicide should be
instilled
o Do not remove diaphragm for 6 hours following sexual
intercourse ◊
Oral contraceptives o Side effects: chest pain, SOB, leg pain,
increased risk for DVT, headache, vision problems,
stroke,
hypertension
o Contraindicated in women with histories of blood clots,
stroke, cardiac conditions, smoking, breast or estrogen related
cancers ◊ Depo-
Provera AKA Medroxyprogesterone o Injectable progestin; key
piece of information to know – can cause decreased bone
mineral density and/or loss of calcium ******
Presumptive signs of pregnancy: other conditions may cause these
signs to occur ♥ Amenorrhea
♥ Fatigue
♥ Nausea, vomiting
♥ Urinary frequency
♥ Quickening (“stomach flutter”) Probable
signs of pregnancy:
♥ Hegar’s sign
♥ Chadwick’s sign
♥ Ballottement
, ♥ Braxton hicks contractions
♥ Positive pregnancy test Positive
signs of pregnancy:
♥ Fetal heart sounds heard
♥ Baby seen via ultrasound
♥ Fetal movement felt GTPAL:
G = gravidity: number of times a woman has been pregnant, including
current pregnancy* (don’t forget)
,T = Term births: numbers of babies delivered at 37
weeks+ P = Preterm births: number of babies born
before 37 weeks A = Abortion: spontaneous or
miscarriages
L = Living children
Routine lab tests:
♥ Blood type, Rh factor,
♥ CBC with differential, hgb, and hbt - anemia
♥ Rubella titer
♥ Hep B screening
♥ Group B strep – 35-37 weeks gestation
♥ Urinalysis – identifies pregnancy, DM, gestational HTN, renal
disease, infection
♥ 1 hr glucose tolerance test!
o 24-28 weeks
o > 140 mg/dl = follow up with 3 hr glucose tolerance test
♥ 3 hr glucose tolerance test o Screening tool for DM; diagnosis is
based on two elevated glucose readings
♥ MSAFP – between 15 and 22 weeks o Used to rule out
down syndrome (low levels) and neural tube defects
(high)
Biophysical Profile (BPP):
◊ (5) variables
o Reactive FHR o Fetal breathing movements o Gross body
movements
o Fetal tone
o Qualitative amniotic fluid volume (2 = adequate, 0 = not)
◊ Score of 8-10 = normal; low risk for chronic fetal asphyxia
Amniocentesis:
, ◊ Aspiration of amniotic fluid w/ needle into client’s uterus &
amniotic sac with use of an ultrasound
◊ May be performed after 14 weeks gestation**
◊ Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP): 16-18 weeks gestation – neural tube
defects or chromosomal disorders