NR 507 / NR507 Weeks 4 urinary system pathologies

WEEK 4 Edapt:
Urinary System Pathologies

, lOMoARcPSD| 51648332




NR507/Week/4/edapt:/Urinary/System/Pathologies:/Common/Diseases/and/ Disorders/Uri
nary/Tract/Infections//Benign/Prostatic/Hypertrophy//Renal/Calculi//Urinary/Incontinence//A
cute/Kidney/Injury//Chronic/Kidney/Disease




Urinary/Tract/Infections




Upper/UTIs/occur/in/organs/that/are/above/the/urinary/bladder/and/include/ ureter/infections
/and/pyelonephritis/(kidney/infection).

Cystitis/(bladder/infection),/urethritis/(infection/of/the/urethra),/and/prostatitis/ (infection/of/th
e/prostate)/occur/in/the/lower/urinary/tract.




Downloaded/by/Benjamin/Luca/()

, lOMoARcPSD| 51648332




Pathophysiology/of/Urinary/Tract/Infections
The/most/common/organisms/that/cause/urinary/tract/infection/(UTI)
are/Escherichia/coli/(E./coli),/Staphylococcus/saprophyticus,/Proteus//mirabilis,/an
d/Klebsiella./E./coli/causes/approximately/80%/of/the/ cases/of/UTI/as/it/is/the/most/co
mmon/organism/contained/in/fecal/matter/ that/is/easily/accessible/from/the/anus/to/the/ur
ethra.
???The/sequence/of/events/starts/with/the/bacteria/entering/the/urethra/and
end/with/the/client/having/symptoms/of/infection./The/correct/order/is:

1. Bacteria/enter/the/lower/urinary/tract
2. An/inflammatory/response/is/triggered

3. Neutrophils/arrive

4. Bacteria/continue/to/multiply

5. Biofilm/forms

6. Bacteria/adhere/to/the/bladder/wall

7. Client/experiences/pain/with/urination

Urinary/Tract/Infection/Clinical/Manifestations
1. Frequent/Urination:/Increased/urge/to/urinate,/often/with/the/feeling/of/incomplete/emptying/ is/associated/wit
h/a/bladder/infection/due/to/inflammation/of/the/bladder/and/urethra.

2. Painful/Urination:/Discomfort/or/a/burning/sensation/during/urination/is/associated/with/ inflammation/
of/the/bladder/and/urethra/(lower/UTI).

3. Urgency:/A/sudden/and/intense/need/to/urinate/is/associated/with/inflammation/of/the/bladder/ and/urethra/(lo
wer/UTI).

4. Lower/Abdominal/Discomfort:/Pain/or/pressure/in/the/lower/abdomen/can/be/caused/by/an/ infection/any
where/in/the/urinary/tract.




Downloaded/by/Benjamin/Luca/()

, lOMoARcPSD| 51648332




5. Pelvic/Pain:/Pain/in/the/pelvic/area/is/associated/with/a/bladder/infection,/especially/in/women/ with/a/bladder/i
nfection.

6. Cloudy/or/Strong-
Smelling/Urine:/Changes/in/the/appearance/or/odor/of/urine/can/be/ caused/by/an/infection/anywhere/
in/the/urinary/tract.

7. Blood/in/Urine/(Hematuria):/The/presence/of/blood,/giving/the/urine/a/pink/or/reddish/color/ can/be/caused
/by/an/infection/anywhere/in/the/urinary/tract.

8. Fever:/In/some/cases,/a/UTI/can/be/accompanied/by/a/systemic/fever.

9. Back/Pain:/Pain/in/the/lower/back/is/associated/with/an/infection/in/the/kidneys./Assessment/ for/pain/or/ten
derness/at/the/costovertebral/angle/(CVA)/can/increase/both/pain/and/ inflammation/and/should/be/part/of/a/
routine/assessment.

10. Fatigue:/Feeling/tired/or/generally/unwell/can/be/caused/by/an/infection/anywhere/in/the/ urinary/tract.

11. Discomfort/or/Pain/During/Sex:/Women/with/bladder/or/urethra/infections/may/experience/ pain/or/discom
fort/during/sexual/activity.




Symptoms/of/infection,/including/fatigue,/bacteria/in/the/urine,/and/an/ elevated/temperatur
e,/may/be/present/for/any/infection,/including/lower/UTI,/ upper/UTI,/and/STI./Note:/The/pre
sence/of/bacteria/in/the/urine/from/an/STI/ may/indicate/contamination/of/the/urine/sample.
Foul/smelling/urine/and/painful/urination/can/be/present/with/both/lower/and/ upper/UTI.

Pelvic/pain/is/more/likely/to/be/present/in/a/female/with/a/lower/UTI/or/STI./ An/urgency/to/v
oid/is/associated/with/lower/UTI.




Downloaded/by/Benjamin/Luca/()