NR 503 Population Health, Epidemiology & Statistical Principles
Midterm Exam – Chamberlain
Questions with Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
1. The science of public health; concerned with the study of factors determin-
ing and influencing the frequency and distribution of disease, injury, and other health-related events and
their causes.
Answer> Epidemiology
2. Focuses on risk, data, demographics and outcomes for large groups; focus of care at aggregate and
community levels and examination of environmental, occupational, cultural, and socioeconomic
dimensions of health
Answer> Population Health
3. An end result that follows some kind of healthcare provision, treatment, or intervention and may
describe a patient's condition or health status; out- comes measurement refers to collecting and
analyzing data using prede- termined outcomes indicators for the purposes of making decisions
about healthcare
Answer> Outcome
4. A group of persons who share one or more traits or characteristics without necessarily having had
any direct social connection. Defined subpopulation used as the organizing unit for care; can be
defined by ethnicity, religion, geographical location, age, occupation, shared diagnosis, shared risk
factor; most common is the high-risk aggregate.
Ex Female doctors (all are female, all are doctors, all are both)
Answer> Aggregate
5. Composed of multiple aggregates
Answer> Community
6. Compiled information
Answer> Data
7. Measures the existence of all current cases within a time frame
,Answer> Prevalence (Think
Prev-A-lence = ALL or (P)resence)
8. Measures the appearance of new cases
Think What is "in" is "new"
Answer> Incidence
9. Is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemi- nation of health data to
help guide public health decision making and action.-
Answer> Surveillance
10. Increased chance of poor health outcome
Answer> High Risk
11. The presence of disease/illness in a population or aggregate Morbidity =
disease
The 2 primary measures are incidence and prevalence.
Answer> Morbidity
weekly updates of reportable diseases can be accessed electronically through the Morbidity and
Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) published by the CDC
12. Related to the tracking of deaths within a population or aggregate
Mortality = deaths
Answer> Mortality
13. The process of altering susceptibility or reducing exposure to susceptible
individuals and includes general health promotion and specific measures designed to prevent disease
prior to a person getting the disease; carried out during the stage of susceptibility.
Examples
Immunization. Healthy diet. Exercise.
Answer> Primary Prevention
14. Screening and diagnosis of disease.The early detection and prompt treat- ment of disease at the
earliest possible stage; goals are to either identify and cure a disease at a very early stage or slow its
progression to prevent com- plications and limit disability; carried out during the preclinical or
presympto- matic stage of disease; examples are screening programs designed to detect specific
diseases in their early stages while they are curable and to prevent or reduce morbidity and mortality
related to a later diagnosis of disease. Examples
, Mammogram. Colonoscopy. Imaging (CT, X-ray, MRI).
Answer> Secondary Prevention
15. Consists of interventions aimed to facilitate the rehabilitation of the patient to the highest level of
functioning while addressing the risk factors that could further result in the deterioration of the
patient's health
Examples
Cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs.
Answer> Tertiary Prevention
16. Instruments with the goal of reducing and/or preventing morbidity and mortality.
Answer> Screening Tool
17. Detect early disease indicators or risk factors for disease in large numbers of apparently healthy
individuals
Results indicate a suspicion of disease
Examples
pap smear, mammogram, colonoscopy, endoscopy,
Answer> Screening Test
18. Confirms the presence of disease.
Typically used in a symptomatic individual to establish diagnosis, or asymp- tomatic individuals with
a positive screening test
Examples
biopsy, MRI, X-ray, nuclear medicine scan, CT scan
Answer> Diagnostic Test
19. The ability of that test to distinguish correctly who has a disease. Based on the specificity and
sensitivity of the screening or diagnostic test
Answer> Validity
20. Depends mostly on how well a study is conducted.
Does the study measure what it was supposed to measure?
Answer> Internal Validity
21. How applicable the study findings are to the real world.
Can the generalizability of the results be applied to other populations?
Answer> Exter- nal Validity
22. Ability of a test to correctly identify those who do not have the disease True negatives!
Midterm Exam – Chamberlain
Questions with Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
1. The science of public health; concerned with the study of factors determin-
ing and influencing the frequency and distribution of disease, injury, and other health-related events and
their causes.
Answer> Epidemiology
2. Focuses on risk, data, demographics and outcomes for large groups; focus of care at aggregate and
community levels and examination of environmental, occupational, cultural, and socioeconomic
dimensions of health
Answer> Population Health
3. An end result that follows some kind of healthcare provision, treatment, or intervention and may
describe a patient's condition or health status; out- comes measurement refers to collecting and
analyzing data using prede- termined outcomes indicators for the purposes of making decisions
about healthcare
Answer> Outcome
4. A group of persons who share one or more traits or characteristics without necessarily having had
any direct social connection. Defined subpopulation used as the organizing unit for care; can be
defined by ethnicity, religion, geographical location, age, occupation, shared diagnosis, shared risk
factor; most common is the high-risk aggregate.
Ex Female doctors (all are female, all are doctors, all are both)
Answer> Aggregate
5. Composed of multiple aggregates
Answer> Community
6. Compiled information
Answer> Data
7. Measures the existence of all current cases within a time frame
,Answer> Prevalence (Think
Prev-A-lence = ALL or (P)resence)
8. Measures the appearance of new cases
Think What is "in" is "new"
Answer> Incidence
9. Is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemi- nation of health data to
help guide public health decision making and action.-
Answer> Surveillance
10. Increased chance of poor health outcome
Answer> High Risk
11. The presence of disease/illness in a population or aggregate Morbidity =
disease
The 2 primary measures are incidence and prevalence.
Answer> Morbidity
weekly updates of reportable diseases can be accessed electronically through the Morbidity and
Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) published by the CDC
12. Related to the tracking of deaths within a population or aggregate
Mortality = deaths
Answer> Mortality
13. The process of altering susceptibility or reducing exposure to susceptible
individuals and includes general health promotion and specific measures designed to prevent disease
prior to a person getting the disease; carried out during the stage of susceptibility.
Examples
Immunization. Healthy diet. Exercise.
Answer> Primary Prevention
14. Screening and diagnosis of disease.The early detection and prompt treat- ment of disease at the
earliest possible stage; goals are to either identify and cure a disease at a very early stage or slow its
progression to prevent com- plications and limit disability; carried out during the preclinical or
presympto- matic stage of disease; examples are screening programs designed to detect specific
diseases in their early stages while they are curable and to prevent or reduce morbidity and mortality
related to a later diagnosis of disease. Examples
, Mammogram. Colonoscopy. Imaging (CT, X-ray, MRI).
Answer> Secondary Prevention
15. Consists of interventions aimed to facilitate the rehabilitation of the patient to the highest level of
functioning while addressing the risk factors that could further result in the deterioration of the
patient's health
Examples
Cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs.
Answer> Tertiary Prevention
16. Instruments with the goal of reducing and/or preventing morbidity and mortality.
Answer> Screening Tool
17. Detect early disease indicators or risk factors for disease in large numbers of apparently healthy
individuals
Results indicate a suspicion of disease
Examples
pap smear, mammogram, colonoscopy, endoscopy,
Answer> Screening Test
18. Confirms the presence of disease.
Typically used in a symptomatic individual to establish diagnosis, or asymp- tomatic individuals with
a positive screening test
Examples
biopsy, MRI, X-ray, nuclear medicine scan, CT scan
Answer> Diagnostic Test
19. The ability of that test to distinguish correctly who has a disease. Based on the specificity and
sensitivity of the screening or diagnostic test
Answer> Validity
20. Depends mostly on how well a study is conducted.
Does the study measure what it was supposed to measure?
Answer> Internal Validity
21. How applicable the study findings are to the real world.
Can the generalizability of the results be applied to other populations?
Answer> Exter- nal Validity
22. Ability of a test to correctly identify those who do not have the disease True negatives!
