Advanced Health Assessment Midterm Review
questions and answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
1. A 19-year-old man comes to your clinic with a red, irritated right eye for 24-48 hours. He notes that
when he woke up, his eyelids were "stuck together". Physical exam findings: sclera is injected, vision is
normal, and EOM are intact, purulent discharge is noted. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Chemical exposure
B. Bacterial Conjunctivitis
C. Erythema nodosa
D. Trauma
- correct answer B. Bacterial Conjunctivitis
2. An 18-year-old female presents to the ER with 1-day history of severe sore throat, malaise, and
headache. The patient reports no history of cough or rhinitis. V.S.: T 101F, P98, R22, BP 124/60. On skin
inspection, the NP notices a fine sandpaper rash on the chest. The throat examination reveals an
inflamed uvula, pharynx, and tonsils with gray-white exudate on the right tonsil. Neck examination
reveals tender cervical lymphadenopathy. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
B. Acute herpetic pharyngitis
C. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection
D. Acute diphtherial infection
- correct answer C. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection
3. The purpose of the health history is to:
A. Gather subjective data about the patient
B. Obtain a genetic history to determine susceptibility to disease
C. Gather past and current objective and subjective data about the patient
D. Obtain a genealogic record of familial diseases
- correct answer A. Gather subjective data about the patient
,4. A 67-year-old man with a 40 pack-year smoking history complains of shortness of breath for the past
6 months and swelling in his legs. He often wakes up at night gasping for breath and feels most
comfortable sleeping on 3 pillows. He has no past medical history of COPD or CHF, but he has diabetes
and hypertension. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Congestive heart failure
B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C. Asthma
D. Lung cancer
- correct answer A. Congestive heart failure
5. A 50-year-old woman comes to your office with a history of 2 episodes of coughing blood. The
quantity is estimated to be 2 to 3 tablespoons of bright blood on each occasion. She has mild shortness
of breath, but she feels comfortable at rest. She has never smoked, denies weight loss or fever, and has
no other medical problems. What would be the next step in her management?
A. Referral to a pulmonologist for bronchoscopy
B. Return to your clinic in the next several weeks to monitor her symptoms
C. Chest x-ray with an admission to the hospital for additional testing
D. Complete vital signs and physical examination
- correct answer D. Complete vital signs and physical examination
6. During the central nervous system exam, the NP evaluates the patient's gait and determines the
patient is unable to perform a heel-walk. The differential diagnosis the NP is most concerned about is
damage to the:
A. Corticospinal tract
B. Spinocerebellar tract
C. Spinothalamic tract
D. Dorsal column-medial lemniscus tract
- correct answer A. Corticospinal tract
7. What is the best way to begin asking about the past medical history?
A. Have you had measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, scarlet fever, or rheumatic fever?
B. Did you get all your shots growing up?
, C. Were you hospitalized as a child?
D. How was your health as a child?
- correct answer D. How was your health as a child?
8. The NP is conducting an ophthalmoscopic examination. Which statement by the NP to the preceptor
indicates correct understanding regarding ophthalmoscopic examination:
A. I will look for the yellow tint in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
B. I will look for the orange glow in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
C. I will look for the light reflex in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
D. I will look for the pink reflex in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
- correct answer B. I will look for the orange glow in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
9. You are evaluating a 20-year-old male with 1-day history of left ear pain. On otoscopic exam, the
tympanic membrane appears reddened, bulging, and no observable landmarks. The most likely
diagnosis is:
A. Cholesteatoma
B. Otitis media
C. Otitis externa
D. Cerumen impaction
- correct answer B. Otitis media
10. The NP is conducting a cardiovascular examination. The NP knows to use the bell of the stethoscope
to auscultate for all the following except:
A. Pericardial friction rub
B. S3 gallop
C. S4 gallop
D. Murmur of mitral stenosis
- correct answer A. Pericardial friction rub
11. When a patient gives an incomplete or one-word answer to a sensitive question, the interviewer
should:
questions and answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
1. A 19-year-old man comes to your clinic with a red, irritated right eye for 24-48 hours. He notes that
when he woke up, his eyelids were "stuck together". Physical exam findings: sclera is injected, vision is
normal, and EOM are intact, purulent discharge is noted. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Chemical exposure
B. Bacterial Conjunctivitis
C. Erythema nodosa
D. Trauma
- correct answer B. Bacterial Conjunctivitis
2. An 18-year-old female presents to the ER with 1-day history of severe sore throat, malaise, and
headache. The patient reports no history of cough or rhinitis. V.S.: T 101F, P98, R22, BP 124/60. On skin
inspection, the NP notices a fine sandpaper rash on the chest. The throat examination reveals an
inflamed uvula, pharynx, and tonsils with gray-white exudate on the right tonsil. Neck examination
reveals tender cervical lymphadenopathy. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
B. Acute herpetic pharyngitis
C. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection
D. Acute diphtherial infection
- correct answer C. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection
3. The purpose of the health history is to:
A. Gather subjective data about the patient
B. Obtain a genetic history to determine susceptibility to disease
C. Gather past and current objective and subjective data about the patient
D. Obtain a genealogic record of familial diseases
- correct answer A. Gather subjective data about the patient
,4. A 67-year-old man with a 40 pack-year smoking history complains of shortness of breath for the past
6 months and swelling in his legs. He often wakes up at night gasping for breath and feels most
comfortable sleeping on 3 pillows. He has no past medical history of COPD or CHF, but he has diabetes
and hypertension. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Congestive heart failure
B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C. Asthma
D. Lung cancer
- correct answer A. Congestive heart failure
5. A 50-year-old woman comes to your office with a history of 2 episodes of coughing blood. The
quantity is estimated to be 2 to 3 tablespoons of bright blood on each occasion. She has mild shortness
of breath, but she feels comfortable at rest. She has never smoked, denies weight loss or fever, and has
no other medical problems. What would be the next step in her management?
A. Referral to a pulmonologist for bronchoscopy
B. Return to your clinic in the next several weeks to monitor her symptoms
C. Chest x-ray with an admission to the hospital for additional testing
D. Complete vital signs and physical examination
- correct answer D. Complete vital signs and physical examination
6. During the central nervous system exam, the NP evaluates the patient's gait and determines the
patient is unable to perform a heel-walk. The differential diagnosis the NP is most concerned about is
damage to the:
A. Corticospinal tract
B. Spinocerebellar tract
C. Spinothalamic tract
D. Dorsal column-medial lemniscus tract
- correct answer A. Corticospinal tract
7. What is the best way to begin asking about the past medical history?
A. Have you had measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, scarlet fever, or rheumatic fever?
B. Did you get all your shots growing up?
, C. Were you hospitalized as a child?
D. How was your health as a child?
- correct answer D. How was your health as a child?
8. The NP is conducting an ophthalmoscopic examination. Which statement by the NP to the preceptor
indicates correct understanding regarding ophthalmoscopic examination:
A. I will look for the yellow tint in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
B. I will look for the orange glow in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
C. I will look for the light reflex in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
D. I will look for the pink reflex in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
- correct answer B. I will look for the orange glow in the patient's pupil to examine the fundus
9. You are evaluating a 20-year-old male with 1-day history of left ear pain. On otoscopic exam, the
tympanic membrane appears reddened, bulging, and no observable landmarks. The most likely
diagnosis is:
A. Cholesteatoma
B. Otitis media
C. Otitis externa
D. Cerumen impaction
- correct answer B. Otitis media
10. The NP is conducting a cardiovascular examination. The NP knows to use the bell of the stethoscope
to auscultate for all the following except:
A. Pericardial friction rub
B. S3 gallop
C. S4 gallop
D. Murmur of mitral stenosis
- correct answer A. Pericardial friction rub
11. When a patient gives an incomplete or one-word answer to a sensitive question, the interviewer
should:
