BIOD 151 Detailed Study Questions
with Correct Answers
1. What is the function of the extracellular matrix? - ANSWER The
extracellular matrix contains collagen.
2. Describe aerobic respiration and the purpose of ATP production -
ANSWER ATP provides energy to cells. Aerobic respiration is the process
in which oxygen is used to break down food and convert the chemical
energy in it into ATP.
3. Explain what happens in Tay-Sachs disease. - ANSWER When lysosomes
lack one of the digestive enzymes that normally breaks down a toxic lipid in
the brain, the lipid builds up and can lead to intellectual disability and death.
4. eukaryotic cells/prokaryotic cells - ANSWER The three main differences
are the size (prokaryotes are smaller), the presence of a nucleus (not present
in prokaryotes), and the presence of membrane-bound organelles (not
present in prokaryotes).
5. Which one of the following is not true of active transport? - ANSWER
Carrier proteins move particles from greater concentration to lesser
6. List the three organelles, in order, involved in the synthesis, transport and
shipping of proteins. - ANSWER ribosomes, rough ER, Golgi complex
7. abel the 5 organelles listed below:3: ___________4: ___________5:
___________7: ___________8: ___________ - ANSWER 3. Nucleolus
4. Nuclear Envelope
,5. Mitochondria
7. Lysosome
8. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
8. True or False?
a. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ADP. (T or F) b.
Peripheral proteins are found on the outer surface of a cell membrane.
(T or F) c. Exocytosis is the process that occurs to bring
biomacromolecules inside the cell. (T or F) d. Receptor-mediated
endocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to
the cell membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T
or F) e. Endocytosis is a passive process. It does not require cellular
energy expenditure.(T or F) - ANSWER a. False- (ATP is produced,
not ADP)
b. True
c. False- (This process is called endocytosis)
d. True
e. False- (Endocytosis is an active process and requires cellular energy)
9. endocytosis - ANSWER when a biomacromolecule outside the cell gets
enclosed in the cell membrane and forms a vesicle inside the cell.
10.phagocytosis - ANSWER endocytosis of extremely large things like other
cells. Once enclosed, lysosomes fuse with and digest it.
11.pinocytosis - ANSWER endocytosis of tiny droplets of fluids. The cell
membrane pinches inward.
12.receptor-mediated endocytosis - ANSWER information transfer from one
cell to another by use of ligands (signaling molecules) that bind to receptor
proteins.
, 13.proteins - ANSWER In facilitated diffusion and active transport, carrier
proteins are used to move lipid-insoluble molecules to the other side of the
membrane.
14.isotonic - ANSWER same concentration of solutes inside as outside the cell
15.hypertonic - ANSWER higher concentration of solutes inside the cell than
outside the cell
blood cells will shrivel in the process of equalizing
16.Define the body movement involved in retraction and protraction. -
ANSWER retraction body movement is to be drawn posteriorly backwards.
protraction body movement is being drawn anteriorly forwards.
17.Name the anatomical pair of terms that best describe the directions of the red
arrows in the figure below. (Note that two responses are needed for full
credit). - ANSWER The anatomical pair of terms to describe the direction
of the arrows proximal-distal.
18.Determine whether each of the following statements is true or false.
1) The thoracic cavity contains the lungs and heart.
2) The cranial cavity houses the brain. - ANSWER 1- true
2- true
19.Name the planes of the body shown in Figures A and B below. - ANSWER
a-frontal
b-transverse
with Correct Answers
1. What is the function of the extracellular matrix? - ANSWER The
extracellular matrix contains collagen.
2. Describe aerobic respiration and the purpose of ATP production -
ANSWER ATP provides energy to cells. Aerobic respiration is the process
in which oxygen is used to break down food and convert the chemical
energy in it into ATP.
3. Explain what happens in Tay-Sachs disease. - ANSWER When lysosomes
lack one of the digestive enzymes that normally breaks down a toxic lipid in
the brain, the lipid builds up and can lead to intellectual disability and death.
4. eukaryotic cells/prokaryotic cells - ANSWER The three main differences
are the size (prokaryotes are smaller), the presence of a nucleus (not present
in prokaryotes), and the presence of membrane-bound organelles (not
present in prokaryotes).
5. Which one of the following is not true of active transport? - ANSWER
Carrier proteins move particles from greater concentration to lesser
6. List the three organelles, in order, involved in the synthesis, transport and
shipping of proteins. - ANSWER ribosomes, rough ER, Golgi complex
7. abel the 5 organelles listed below:3: ___________4: ___________5:
___________7: ___________8: ___________ - ANSWER 3. Nucleolus
4. Nuclear Envelope
,5. Mitochondria
7. Lysosome
8. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
8. True or False?
a. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ADP. (T or F) b.
Peripheral proteins are found on the outer surface of a cell membrane.
(T or F) c. Exocytosis is the process that occurs to bring
biomacromolecules inside the cell. (T or F) d. Receptor-mediated
endocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to
the cell membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T
or F) e. Endocytosis is a passive process. It does not require cellular
energy expenditure.(T or F) - ANSWER a. False- (ATP is produced,
not ADP)
b. True
c. False- (This process is called endocytosis)
d. True
e. False- (Endocytosis is an active process and requires cellular energy)
9. endocytosis - ANSWER when a biomacromolecule outside the cell gets
enclosed in the cell membrane and forms a vesicle inside the cell.
10.phagocytosis - ANSWER endocytosis of extremely large things like other
cells. Once enclosed, lysosomes fuse with and digest it.
11.pinocytosis - ANSWER endocytosis of tiny droplets of fluids. The cell
membrane pinches inward.
12.receptor-mediated endocytosis - ANSWER information transfer from one
cell to another by use of ligands (signaling molecules) that bind to receptor
proteins.
, 13.proteins - ANSWER In facilitated diffusion and active transport, carrier
proteins are used to move lipid-insoluble molecules to the other side of the
membrane.
14.isotonic - ANSWER same concentration of solutes inside as outside the cell
15.hypertonic - ANSWER higher concentration of solutes inside the cell than
outside the cell
blood cells will shrivel in the process of equalizing
16.Define the body movement involved in retraction and protraction. -
ANSWER retraction body movement is to be drawn posteriorly backwards.
protraction body movement is being drawn anteriorly forwards.
17.Name the anatomical pair of terms that best describe the directions of the red
arrows in the figure below. (Note that two responses are needed for full
credit). - ANSWER The anatomical pair of terms to describe the direction
of the arrows proximal-distal.
18.Determine whether each of the following statements is true or false.
1) The thoracic cavity contains the lungs and heart.
2) The cranial cavity houses the brain. - ANSWER 1- true
2- true
19.Name the planes of the body shown in Figures A and B below. - ANSWER
a-frontal
b-transverse
