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Which trace mineral is found in high concentrations in
organ meats? -
ANSWER-
Copper
Eating low amounts of which trace mineral contributes to
Keshan Disease? -
ANSWER-
Selenium
Which protein contributes to structure? - ANSWER-Collagen.
Collagen forms
the protein framework of bones and
teeth, tendons
Role of Lipoproteins: VLDL (Very-low-density lipoproteins) –
ANSWER-Packages cholesterol and triglycerides in the liver.
Transport protein that delivers lipids to the body cells.
Becomes smaller in size when triglycerides are removed
,Role of Lipoproteins: HDL (High-density lipoprotein) -
ANSWER-Picks up cholesterol from cells and transports it to
the liver so that the cholesterol can be eliminated from the
body.
High levels decrease cardiovascular disease risk
Role of Lipoproteins: LDL (Low-density lipoproteins) -
ANSWER-Binds to the LDL Receptor on the cell membrane.
LDL is internalized into the cell. Few LDL receptors result in
high blood cholesterol with an increased risk for heart disease
Risk Factors for Heart Disease and Dietary Lipids that Protect
against heart disease - ANSWER-Diabetes: increased blood
glucose causes damage to blood vessels.
High Blood Pressure: blood vessel damage
Obesity: increased work done by the heart, increased blood
pressure, increased
blood cholesterol concentrations, and increased
diabetes risk
Blood Cholesterol: increased LDL cholesterol leads to arterial
wall damage, and
promotes plaque
formation
,Calculating Percent Energy from Fat - ANSWER-Energy from
fat = g fat x 9
kcal/g
% Energy = kcal fat/total fat
x 100
Which of the following distinguishes individual amino acids
from each other? -
ANSWER-Side
Chains
Essential Amino Acids: PVT MT HILL - ANSWER-
Phenylalanine
Valine
Tryptophan
Methionine
Threonine
Histidine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine
Chemical Reactions Involving Protein: Transamination -
ANSWER-Transfer of
amino group to a carbon compound to generate a
new amino acid
, Chemical Reactions Involving Protein: Decarboxylation -
ANSWER-Remove the
acid group (COOH) from amino acids so they can be used
to synthesize
neurotransmitters
Chemical Reactions Involving Protein: Denaturation -
ANSWER-Alteration of a
protein's 3-D structure due to change in
temperature or heat
Lipid Digestion Process: Step 1 - ANSWER-A small amount of
digestion occurs
in the stomach due to the action of gastric lipase produced
in the stomach
Lipid Digestion Process: Step 2 - ANSWER-The liver
produces bile, which is
stored in the gallbladder and released into the small
intestine to aid in the
digestion and
absorption of fat
Lipid Digestion Process: Step 3 - ANSWER-The pancreas
produces the enzyme pancreatic lipase, which is released into
the small intestine to break down triglycerides into
monoglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol