Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition by Stephen M. Stahl Test Bank |ISBN: 9781108838573| Complete Guide A+

StahlsEssentialPsychopharmacology5thEdition
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Test Bank.
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, Stahl'sEssential Psychopharmacology 4r 4r




NeuroscientificBasisandPracticalApplications5th EditionTestbank/Study Guide 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




Chapter1 Chemicalneurotransmission 4r 4r 4r




MULTIPLECHOICE 4r




1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a
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chemicaldisorder.Whatdoesshemean?Thenursesresponseisbasedonthetheory that
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depression primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
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a. CortisolandGABA 4r 4r




b. COMT andglutamate 4r 4r




c. Monamineandglycine 4r 4r




d. Serotoninandnorepinephrine 4r 4r




ANS: D
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Onepossible causeofdepressionisthought toinvolveoneormoreneurotransmitters.
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Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of
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depression.Thereisnoresearch tosupport thattheotheroptions playasignificant role in
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the development of depression.
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2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in
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damage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce this
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diagnosis?
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a. Observingthepatient pickupaspoon 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




b. Askingthepatienttorecitethealphabet 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




c. Monitoringthepatientsbloodpressure 4r 4r 4r 4r




d. Comparingthepatientsgripstrengthinbothhands 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




ANS: B
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AccidentsorstrokesthatdamageBrocas areamayresultintheinabilitytospeak (i.e.,
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motoraphasia).Finemotorskills,bloodpressurecontrol,andmusclestrengtharenot controlled by
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the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are
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alwaysprescribedbythedoctor.Thenursesanswerwillbebasedoninformationthat the
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therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
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a. Thetemporallobe;especiallyWernickesarea 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




b. Dendritesandtheirabilitytotransmitelectricalimpulses 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




c. Theregulationofneurotransmittersespeciallydopamine 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




d. Theperipheralnervoussystemsensitivitytothepsychotropicmedications
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,ANS:C 4r




Medicationsusedtotreatpsychiatricdisordersoperateinandaroundthesynapticcleft and 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia, on
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dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the peripheral
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nervous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medications.
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4. Astudentnursemutters thatitseems entirelyunnecessarytohavetostrugglewith
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understanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor would
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base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessarybutgenerallyforpsychiatricnurseswhofocusprimarilyon 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




a. behavioralinterventions 4r




Acomplexundertakingthatadvancepracticepsychiatricnursesfrequentlyuse in
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b. their practice
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Importantprimarilyforthenursingassessmentofpatientswithbrain traumacaused 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




c. cognitive symptoms
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Necessaryforplanningpsychiatriccareforallpatientsespeciallythose experiencing 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




d. psychiatric disorders
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ANS:D 4r




Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neurologic
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basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understandingfacilitates
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effectivecareplanning.Thefoundationofknowledgeisnot used exclusively by advanced
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practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior therapies or brain trauma
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since dealing with the results of normal and abnormalbrain function is aresponsibility of all
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nurses providing alltypes of careto the psychiatric patient.
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5. Apatientasksthenurse,Mywifehasbreastcancer.Could it becausedbyher chronic
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depression? Which response is supported by research data?
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a. Toomuchstress has beenproventocauseallkinds of cancer. 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




b. Therehave been noresearchstudies doneonstress anddiseaseyet. 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




c. Stressdoescause thereleaseoffactorsthatsuppress theimmunesystem. 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




d. Thereappearstobelittleconnectionbetweenstressanddiseases ofthebody ANS: 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




C
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Researchindicatesthatstresscausesareleaseofcorticotropin-releasingfactorsthat
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suppress theimmunesystem. Studies indicatethatpsychiatricdisorderssuchas mood
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disordersaresometimesassociatedwithdecreasedfunctioningoftheimmunesystem.
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Research does not support a connection between many cancers and stress. There is a
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significant amount of research about stress and the body. Research has shown that there are
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some connections between stress and physical disease.
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, 6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilitation
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needs.Oftheaspectsoffunctioninglisted,whichwillthenurseidentify as a focus of nursing
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intervention?
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a. Expressionofemotion 4r 4r




b. Detectingauditorystimuli 4r 4r




c. Receivingvisualimages 4r 4r




d. Processing associations 4r




ANS: D
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Theparietallobeisresponsibleforassociatingandprocessingsensoryinformation
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that allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressing
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self, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expression is
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associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a temporallobe
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function.Receivingvisualimagesisrelatedtooccipitallobefunction.
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7. Atadmission,thenurselearnsthatsometimeagothepatienthadaninfarctinthe right
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cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the patient:
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a. Demonstratesmajordeficienciesinspeech 4r 4r 4r 4r




b. Is unabletoeffectivelyholdaspooninthe left hand
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c. Hasdifficultyexplaininghowtogoaboutusingthetelephone
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d. Cannotusehis righthandtoshavehimselforcombhis ownhair ANS: 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




B
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Thecerebralhemispheresareresponsibleforfunctionssuchascontrolofmuscles.
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Therighthemispheremainlycontrolsthemotorandsensoryfunctionsontheleftside of the
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body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left side of the
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body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area controls motor
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speech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
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Therightsideofthebodys motoractivityiscontrolledbythe leftcerebralcortex.
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8. Apatientwithchronicschizophreniahadastrokeinvolvingthehippocampus.The
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patient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to
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individualize the patients medication teaching by:
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a. Includingthepatients caregiverintheeducation 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




b. Beingcarefultostresstheimportanceoftakingthemedicationasprescribed 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




Providing the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm and
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c. relaxed
Encouragingthepatienttocrushordissolvethemedicationtohelpwith swallowing 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r 4r




d.
ANS:A 4r




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