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Turner syndrome - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A chromosomal disorder in females in
which either an *X chromosome* is missing, making the person XO instead
of XX, or part of one X chromosome is deleted.
Tay-Sachs Disease - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A human genetic disease caused by
a recessive allele for a dysfunctional enzyme leads to the accumulation of
certain lipids in the brain.
,Seizures, blindness, and degeneration of motor and mental performance
usually become manifest a few months after birth, followed by death within
a few years.
Down syndrome - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A condition of mild to severe intellectual
disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of
chromosome 21
Diabetes Insipidus - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted
adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect. The *serum sodium is
often elevated* due to excess free water losses.
In diabetes insipidus, your blood glucose levels are normal, but your
kidneys can't properly concentrate urine.
Cardiac Valve Disease Process - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔In heart valve disease,
one or more of the valves in your heart doesn't work properly. Regurgitation
(or leakage of the valve). When the valve(s) do not close completely, it
causes blood to flow backward through the valve. This reduces forward
blood flow and can lead to volume overload in the heart.
,Stenosis (or narrowing of the valve). When the valve(s) opening becomes
narrowed, it limits the flow of blood out of the ventricles or atria. The heart
is forced to pump blood with increased force to move blood through the
narrowed or stiff (stenotic) valve(s).
Cardiac Valve Complications - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Heart valve disease can
cause many complications, including:
* Heart failure.
* Stroke.
* Blood clots.
* Heart rhythm abnormalities.
* Death.
Respiratory Illness from bats - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔*Viral hemorrhagic fevers*
are spread by contact with infected animals or insects. The viruses that
cause viral hemorrhagic fevers live in a variety of animal and insect hosts.
Most commonly, the hosts include mosquitoes, ticks, rodents, or bats.
Some viral hemorrhagic fevers can also be spread from person to person.
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, Anemia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Different types of anemia include:
Anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency
Anemia due to folate (folic acid) deficiency
Anemia due to iron deficiency
Anemia of chronic disease
Hemolytic anemia
Idiopathic aplastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Pernicious anemia
Sickle cell anemia
Thalassemia
Acid Base Balance - lung and kidney compensation - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The
kidneys have two main ways to maintain acid-base balance - their cells
reabsorb bicarbonate HCO3− from the urine back to the blood and they
secrete hydrogen H+ ions into the urine.