1
Bioethics Midterm #1 Questions with Correct
Answers | Updated (100% Correct Answers)
Utilitarianism Answer: *The moral theory based on the greastest
happiness principle "We should seek the greatest happiness for the
greatest number"
*Based on the consequences of our actions (or policies), rather than
the principles or motivations for them
*Sacrifice the few for the many
*Jeremy Bentham & John Stuartmill
Kantian Ethics (deontic ethics) Answer: *Ethics is viewed as rational
standards of conduct
*As rational beings, we should act on moral principles that are valid
for all rational beings (we should act only on principles that we can
reasonably expect all reasonable people to follow)
*EX: It's acceptable to lie only in circumstances in which any
reasonable person would want to be lied to
*The respect for a person! "Act in such a way that you treat
humanity.. as an end & never merely as a mean to an end"
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2
Ross Answer: Believes it is necessary to consider consequences in
making a moral choice, even though he believes that it is not the
result of an action taken alone that makes it right
Prima Facie Principles (Ross) Answer: *First look
EX: If I say that x is *** wrong, it appears to be wrong, but I am
allowing that a deeper nevstigation may show otherwise
*Idea is that moral principles are not absolute because they can
conflect with each other (EX: Wrong to lie, but okay when it comes
to saving someone's life.
Justice as Fairness Answer: Two principles- 1. Each person is to have
an equal right to the most extensive total system of equal basic
liberties compatible with a similar system of liberty to all 2. Social
and economic inequalities are to be arranged so that they are both
to the greatest benefit of the least advantaged and attached to
offices and positions open to all under conditions of fair equality of
opportunity
Natural Law Theory Answer: The general view that the rightness of
actions is something determined by nature itself, rather than by the
laws and customs of societies or the preferences of individuals
Libertarianism Answer: *One of the three most influential
philosophical theories of government
© 2025 All rights reserved
Bioethics Midterm #1 Questions with Correct
Answers | Updated (100% Correct Answers)
Utilitarianism Answer: *The moral theory based on the greastest
happiness principle "We should seek the greatest happiness for the
greatest number"
*Based on the consequences of our actions (or policies), rather than
the principles or motivations for them
*Sacrifice the few for the many
*Jeremy Bentham & John Stuartmill
Kantian Ethics (deontic ethics) Answer: *Ethics is viewed as rational
standards of conduct
*As rational beings, we should act on moral principles that are valid
for all rational beings (we should act only on principles that we can
reasonably expect all reasonable people to follow)
*EX: It's acceptable to lie only in circumstances in which any
reasonable person would want to be lied to
*The respect for a person! "Act in such a way that you treat
humanity.. as an end & never merely as a mean to an end"
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2
Ross Answer: Believes it is necessary to consider consequences in
making a moral choice, even though he believes that it is not the
result of an action taken alone that makes it right
Prima Facie Principles (Ross) Answer: *First look
EX: If I say that x is *** wrong, it appears to be wrong, but I am
allowing that a deeper nevstigation may show otherwise
*Idea is that moral principles are not absolute because they can
conflect with each other (EX: Wrong to lie, but okay when it comes
to saving someone's life.
Justice as Fairness Answer: Two principles- 1. Each person is to have
an equal right to the most extensive total system of equal basic
liberties compatible with a similar system of liberty to all 2. Social
and economic inequalities are to be arranged so that they are both
to the greatest benefit of the least advantaged and attached to
offices and positions open to all under conditions of fair equality of
opportunity
Natural Law Theory Answer: The general view that the rightness of
actions is something determined by nature itself, rather than by the
laws and customs of societies or the preferences of individuals
Libertarianism Answer: *One of the three most influential
philosophical theories of government
© 2025 All rights reserved
