Practice Exam
**Question 1.** Which Wi‑Fi frequency band typically offers the greatest range but the fewest
non‑overlapping channels?
A) 2.4 GHz
B) 5 GHz
C) 6 GHz
D) 60 GHz
**Answer:** A
**Explanation:** The 2.4 GHz band has longer wavelength, giving better penetration and range,
but only three non‑overlapping 20 MHz channels (1, 6, 11).
**Question 2.** In 802.11ac, what is the maximum channel width that can be used for a single
spatial stream?
A) 20 MHz
B) 40 MHz
C) 80 MHz
D) 160 MHz
**Answer:** C
**Explanation:** 802.11ac supports up to 80 MHz per spatial stream; 160 MHz is achieved by
bonding two 80 MHz channels, not per stream.
**Question 3.** Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) is required in which of the following
bands?
A) 2.4 GHz
B) 5 GHz UNII‑1
C) 5 GHz UNII‑2/2 c
D) 6 GHz
**Answer:** C
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Practice Exam
**Explanation:** DFS is mandated for 5 GHz UNII‑2, UNII‑2 c, and UNII‑4 to avoid interfering
with radar systems.
**Question 4.** Which modulation scheme provides the highest data rate in 802.11ax
(Wi‑Fi 6)?
A) BPSK
B) QPSK
C) 64‑QAM
D) 1024‑QAM
**Answer:** D
**Explanation:** 802.11ax introduces 1024‑QAM, allowing more bits per symbol and higher
throughput than earlier modulations.
**Question 5.** The CSMA/CA mechanism primarily prevents which type of problem?
A) Interference from Bluetooth devices
B) Collisions on the shared wireless medium
C) Unauthorized access to the network
D) Signal attenuation due to obstacles
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance ensures devices listen
before transmitting to reduce collisions.
**Question 6.** What does the “airtime fairness” feature aim to improve in a mixed‑client
environment?
A) Equal power distribution among APs
B) Same number of packets per client
C) Equal share of channel time regardless of client speed
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Practice Exam
D) Uniform RSSI across all clients
**Answer:** C
**Explanation:** Airtime fairness allocates equal channel time to each client, preventing slow
devices from hogging the medium.
**Question 7.** In RF terminology, what does the unit “dBi” refer to?
A) Decibels relative to 1 mW
B) Decibels relative to an isotropic antenna
C) Decibels relative to a dipole antenna
D) Decibels relative to 1 W
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** dBi measures antenna gain compared to an ideal isotropic radiator.
**Question 8.** Free Space Path Loss (FSPL) increases with which of the following?
A) Decreasing frequency
B) Increasing distance
C) Higher antenna gain
D) Lower transmit power
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** FSPL follows the formula 20 log₁₀(d) + 20 log₁₀(f) + 32.44, so it grows as
distance (d) increases.
**Question 9.** Which material typically causes the greatest attenuation at 5 GHz?
A) Drywall
B) Concrete
C) Glass
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Practice Exam
D) Wood
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** Concrete’s density and thickness absorb higher‑frequency signals more than
drywall or wood.
**Question 10.** What is the purpose of Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) limits in
regulatory domains?
A) To control antenna size
B) To restrict total radiated power for interference protection
C) To define channel bandwidth
D) To set minimum signal strength for clients
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** EIRP limits ensure devices do not exceed power levels that could cause
harmful interference to other services.
**Question 11.** In predictive site‑survey tools, which metric primarily represents the number
of simultaneous users an AP can support?
A) RSSI heat map
B) Channel utilization percentage
C) Client density index
D) Capacity heat map (Mbps per AP)
**Answer:** D
**Explanation:** Capacity heat maps estimate throughput per AP based on expected client load
and bandwidth requirements.
**Question 12.** When designing a WLAN, the term “cell overlap” refers to:
A) The area where two APs use the same SSID