NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WALDEN
UNIVERSITY MIDTERM ACTUAL EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM
TEST BANK 2026 LATEST UPDATE| ACCURATE AND
VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS |
GUARANTEED PASS | GRADED A
1. What happens in the lungs when the diaphragm and external
intercostal muscles relax?
a. Air is forced out of the lungs.
b. Lung volume increases.
c. Intrapulmonic pressure decreases.
d. Intrapleural pressure decreases.
ANS: A
2. The respiratory mucosa is continuous through the
1. upper and lower respiratory tracts.
2. nasal cavities and the sinuses.
3. nasopharynx and oropharynx.
4. middle ear cavity and auditory tube.
a. 1 only
b. 1, 2
c. 2, 3
d. 1, 3, 4
e. 1, 2, 3, 4
ANS: E
,3. Which of the following activities does NOT require muscle
contractions and energy?
a. Quiet inspiration
b. Forced inspiration
c. Quiet expiration
d. Forced expiration
ANS: C
4. The maximum volume of air a person can exhale after a maximum
inspiration is termed the
a. expiratory reserve volume.
b. inspiratory reserve volume.
c. total lung capacity.
d. vital capacity.
ANS: D
5. Which of the following applies to the blood in the pulmonary artery?
a. PCO2 is low.
b. PO2 is low.
c. Hydrostatic pressure is very high.
d. It is flowing into the left atrium.
ANS: B
6. Which of the following causes bronchodilation?
a. Epinephrine
b. Histamine
,c. Parasympathetic nervous system
d. Drugs that block b2-adrenergic receptors
ANS: A
7. The central chemoreceptors in the medulla are normally most
sensitive to
a. low oxygen level.
b. low concentration of hydrogen ions.
c. elevated oxygen level.
d. elevated carbon dioxide level.
ANS: D
8. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the blood because
a. PO2 is higher in the blood.
b. PO2 is lower in the blood.
c. CO2 is diffusing out of the blood.
d. more CO2 is diffusing out of cells into the blood.
ANS: B
9. Carbon dioxide is primarily transported in the blood
a. as dissolved gas.
b. attached to the iron molecule in hemoglobin.
c. as bicarbonate ion.
d. as carbonic acid.
ANS: C
, 10. What would hypercapnia cause?
a. Increased serum pH
b. Decreased respirations
c. Respiratory acidosis
d. Decreased carbonic acid in the blood
ANS: C
11. Which of the following would result from hyperventilation?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
d. Metabolic acidosis
ANS: B
12. Which of the following values is always decreased with respiratory
alkalosis (compensated or
decompensated)?
a. Serum bicarbonate
b. PaCO2
c. Serum pH
d. Urine pH
ANS: B
13. What would be the most effective compensation for respiratory
acidosis?
a. The kidneys eliminating more bicarbonate ions
UNIVERSITY MIDTERM ACTUAL EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM
TEST BANK 2026 LATEST UPDATE| ACCURATE AND
VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS |
GUARANTEED PASS | GRADED A
1. What happens in the lungs when the diaphragm and external
intercostal muscles relax?
a. Air is forced out of the lungs.
b. Lung volume increases.
c. Intrapulmonic pressure decreases.
d. Intrapleural pressure decreases.
ANS: A
2. The respiratory mucosa is continuous through the
1. upper and lower respiratory tracts.
2. nasal cavities and the sinuses.
3. nasopharynx and oropharynx.
4. middle ear cavity and auditory tube.
a. 1 only
b. 1, 2
c. 2, 3
d. 1, 3, 4
e. 1, 2, 3, 4
ANS: E
,3. Which of the following activities does NOT require muscle
contractions and energy?
a. Quiet inspiration
b. Forced inspiration
c. Quiet expiration
d. Forced expiration
ANS: C
4. The maximum volume of air a person can exhale after a maximum
inspiration is termed the
a. expiratory reserve volume.
b. inspiratory reserve volume.
c. total lung capacity.
d. vital capacity.
ANS: D
5. Which of the following applies to the blood in the pulmonary artery?
a. PCO2 is low.
b. PO2 is low.
c. Hydrostatic pressure is very high.
d. It is flowing into the left atrium.
ANS: B
6. Which of the following causes bronchodilation?
a. Epinephrine
b. Histamine
,c. Parasympathetic nervous system
d. Drugs that block b2-adrenergic receptors
ANS: A
7. The central chemoreceptors in the medulla are normally most
sensitive to
a. low oxygen level.
b. low concentration of hydrogen ions.
c. elevated oxygen level.
d. elevated carbon dioxide level.
ANS: D
8. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the blood because
a. PO2 is higher in the blood.
b. PO2 is lower in the blood.
c. CO2 is diffusing out of the blood.
d. more CO2 is diffusing out of cells into the blood.
ANS: B
9. Carbon dioxide is primarily transported in the blood
a. as dissolved gas.
b. attached to the iron molecule in hemoglobin.
c. as bicarbonate ion.
d. as carbonic acid.
ANS: C
, 10. What would hypercapnia cause?
a. Increased serum pH
b. Decreased respirations
c. Respiratory acidosis
d. Decreased carbonic acid in the blood
ANS: C
11. Which of the following would result from hyperventilation?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
d. Metabolic acidosis
ANS: B
12. Which of the following values is always decreased with respiratory
alkalosis (compensated or
decompensated)?
a. Serum bicarbonate
b. PaCO2
c. Serum pH
d. Urine pH
ANS: B
13. What would be the most effective compensation for respiratory
acidosis?
a. The kidneys eliminating more bicarbonate ions
