WGU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ✔✔It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies
attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of
the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
✔✔dermatitis - ✔✔inflammation of the skin
✔✔eczema - ✔✔noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,
blisters, scabs, and itching
✔✔decubitus ulcer - ✔✔sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
✔✔Fungal infections - ✔✔superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections
caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
✔✔benign neoplasm - ✔✔noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
✔✔malignant neoplasm - ✔✔uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
✔✔Osteoporosis - ✔✔The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to
become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
✔✔osteomalacia - ✔✔disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and
vitamin D deficiency
✔✔myoglobin - ✔✔red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
✔✔Bursa - ✔✔fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over
another
✔✔Rickets - ✔✔a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
✔✔Degenerative disk disease - ✔✔A condition in which an intervertebral disk loses its
normal structural integrity as a result of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or
aging
✔✔Paget disease - ✔✔Chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and
softening of bones, that can occur in any bone but most commonly affects the long
bones of the legs, the lower spine, the pelvis, and the skull
, ✔✔communiuted fracture - ✔✔splintered into many pieces
✔✔Three types of skin cancer - ✔✔1. Basal cell carcinoma
2. Squamous cell carcinoma
3. Melanoma
✔✔basal cell carcinoma - ✔✔Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often
characterized by light or pearly nodules. Rarely metastasize, most common on face due
to sun exposure
✔✔squamous cell carcinoma - ✔✔Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell
carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red crusted papules or firm nodules.
✔✔Melanoma - ✔✔The most serious form of skin cancer, caucasian males at highest
risk, usually black or brown lesion
✔✔consequences when integumentary system is disrupted - ✔✔impaired immunity
✔✔types of burns - ✔✔Superficial (1st degree) - red/painful
Partial-thickness (2nd degree) -wet/pink/painful
Full-thickness (3rd degree) -white/swollen/no pain
✔✔Viltigo - ✔✔localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
✔✔ischemic CVA vs hemorrhagic CVA - ✔✔ischemic - clot vs hemorrhagic - blood
✔✔subdural hematoma - ✔✔collection of blood under the dura mater
✔✔Alzheimer's disease vs parkinson's disease - ✔✔Alz - affects language and memory
Park - affects all executive functioning
✔✔Huntington's disease - ✔✔Genetic disorder that causes progressive deterioration of
brain cells. caused by a dominant allele. symptoms do not appear until about the age of
30. involves involuntary muscle movement
✔✔Sclerosis - ✔✔abnormal condition of hardening
✔✔disorders that cause vision loss - ✔✔glaucoma - loss of pheripheral vision, cataracts
- cloudy vision, retinal detachment - floaters, flashes, curtain vision
✔✔kyphosis - ✔✔excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the
back.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ✔✔It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies
attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of
the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
✔✔dermatitis - ✔✔inflammation of the skin
✔✔eczema - ✔✔noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,
blisters, scabs, and itching
✔✔decubitus ulcer - ✔✔sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
✔✔Fungal infections - ✔✔superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections
caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
✔✔benign neoplasm - ✔✔noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
✔✔malignant neoplasm - ✔✔uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
✔✔Osteoporosis - ✔✔The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to
become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
✔✔osteomalacia - ✔✔disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and
vitamin D deficiency
✔✔myoglobin - ✔✔red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
✔✔Bursa - ✔✔fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over
another
✔✔Rickets - ✔✔a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
✔✔Degenerative disk disease - ✔✔A condition in which an intervertebral disk loses its
normal structural integrity as a result of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or
aging
✔✔Paget disease - ✔✔Chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and
softening of bones, that can occur in any bone but most commonly affects the long
bones of the legs, the lower spine, the pelvis, and the skull
, ✔✔communiuted fracture - ✔✔splintered into many pieces
✔✔Three types of skin cancer - ✔✔1. Basal cell carcinoma
2. Squamous cell carcinoma
3. Melanoma
✔✔basal cell carcinoma - ✔✔Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often
characterized by light or pearly nodules. Rarely metastasize, most common on face due
to sun exposure
✔✔squamous cell carcinoma - ✔✔Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell
carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red crusted papules or firm nodules.
✔✔Melanoma - ✔✔The most serious form of skin cancer, caucasian males at highest
risk, usually black or brown lesion
✔✔consequences when integumentary system is disrupted - ✔✔impaired immunity
✔✔types of burns - ✔✔Superficial (1st degree) - red/painful
Partial-thickness (2nd degree) -wet/pink/painful
Full-thickness (3rd degree) -white/swollen/no pain
✔✔Viltigo - ✔✔localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
✔✔ischemic CVA vs hemorrhagic CVA - ✔✔ischemic - clot vs hemorrhagic - blood
✔✔subdural hematoma - ✔✔collection of blood under the dura mater
✔✔Alzheimer's disease vs parkinson's disease - ✔✔Alz - affects language and memory
Park - affects all executive functioning
✔✔Huntington's disease - ✔✔Genetic disorder that causes progressive deterioration of
brain cells. caused by a dominant allele. symptoms do not appear until about the age of
30. involves involuntary muscle movement
✔✔Sclerosis - ✔✔abnormal condition of hardening
✔✔disorders that cause vision loss - ✔✔glaucoma - loss of pheripheral vision, cataracts
- cloudy vision, retinal detachment - floaters, flashes, curtain vision
✔✔kyphosis - ✔✔excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the
back.
